TABLE 2.
Bivariate Relationships between Model Covariates and Mean NTDC-Related ED Costs for Children (n=17,223,414) and Adults (n=103,450,324) in the 2010 U.S. National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS)
| Children Ages 3 to 17 Years N=17,223,414 |
Adults Ages 18 Years and Older N=103,450,324 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model Covariates | Mean Costs and 95% Confidence Intervals | P-value | Mean Costs and 95% Confidence Intervals | P-value |
| ASD Status | P=0.347 | P=0.002 | ||
| ASD | $1,035.94 ($757.51, $1,314.37) | $1,461.78 ($1,044.79, $1,878.77) | ||
| No ASD | $906.56 ($857.56, $955.57) | $802.49 ($766.78, $838.20) | ||
| Sex | P<0.001 | P<0.001 | ||
| Male | $981.39 ($924.71, $1,038.08) | $825.83 ($787.52, $864.14) | ||
| Female | $819.21 ($768.98, $869.43) | $781.16 ($746.92, $815.40) | ||
| Age | P<0.001 | P<0.001 | ||
| 3–5 | $775.25 ($710.80, $839.69) | n/a | ||
| 6–12 | $860.43 ($807.58, $913.28) | n/a | ||
| 13–17 | $1,034.02 ($971.78, $1,096.27) | n/a | ||
| 18–21 | n/a | $735.40 ($701.99, $768.81) | ||
| 22–49 | n/a | $750.40 ($716.89, $783.91) | ||
| 50–64 | n/a | $1,081.57 ($1,023.64, $1,139.49) | ||
| 65–75 | n/a | $1,518.99 ($1,404.48, $1,633.50) | ||
| 76 and older | n/a | $2,025.77 ($1,898.66, $2,152.89) | ||
| Health Insurance Type | P<0.001 | P<0.001 | ||
| Private including HMO | $1,122.71 ($1,050.04, $1,195.38) | $969.01 ($913.94, $1,024.09) | ||
| Medicare | $1,201.58 ($798.31, $1,604.85) | $1,106.84 ($1,048.44, $1,165.24) | ||
| Medicaid | $800.11 ($746.85, $853.37) | $708.57 ($674.32, $742.82) | ||
| Self-pay | $804.72 ($715.03, $894.40) | $738.32 ($705.29, $771.35) | ||
| No charge | $576.96 ($457.03, $696.90) | $764.18 ($660.39, $867.98) | ||
| Other | $987.03 ($858.33, $1,115.73) | $954.61 ($841.35, $1,067.87) | ||
| Median Community Income | P<0.001 | P<0.001 | ||
| $1 – $40,999 | $835.87 ($766.61, $905.14) | $782.67 ($742.34, $822.99) | ||
| $41,000 – $50,999 | $842.31 ($786.43, $898.20) | $746.10 ($706.35, $785.84) | ||
| $51,000 – $66,999 | $1,004.16 ($922.09, $1,086.22) | $869.37 ($808.27, $903.48) | ||
| $67,000 or more | $1,143.78 ($1,040.91, $1,246.65) | $965.98 ($888.36, $1,043.60) | ||
| Rurality of Patient’s County of Residence | P=0.001 | P<0.001 | ||
| Large central metropolitan | $972.39 ($881.27, $1,063.52) | $1,010.38 ($915.20, $1,105.56) | ||
| Large fringe metropolitan | $995.12 ($913.02, $1,077.21) | $834.13 ($766.47, $901.79) | ||
| Medium metropolitan | $949.72 ($85058, $1,048.85) | $841.89 ($762.12, $921.67) | ||
| Small metropolitan | $835.10 ($748.90, $921.30) | $726.81 ($651.85, $801.77) | ||
| Micropolitan | $737.03 ($628.03, $846.04) | $611.07 ($575.41, $646.72) | ||
| Non-core | $766.51 ($573.70, $959.33) | $571.72 ($533.92, $609.51) | ||