Table 1.
Baseline psychosocial and pain characteristics by RAPID score quartiles
| Total sample
|
RAPID score (0–270)
|
Significancea
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=214 | Q1 (11–37) N=53 | Q2 (38–73) N=54 | Q3 (74–118) N=52 | Q4 (120–270) N=55 | P value | |
| Gender (female) | 92% | 96% | 94% | 85% | 93% | 0.23 |
|
| ||||||
| Days of pain episodes in past 90 days (mean s.d.) | 69.05 (26.69) | 56.15 (33.33) | 68.98 (25.68) | 73.23 (22.36) | 77.58 (19.15) | 0.001 |
|
| ||||||
| Pain intensity (0–10) in past 90 days, mean (s.d.) | 6.73 (1.88) | 7.00 (2.08) | 6.65 (1.76) | 6.19 (1.82) | 7.07 (1.78) | 0.97 |
|
| ||||||
| Pain burden (frequency×intensity product) in past 90 days, mean (s.d) | 450.49 (205.41) | 375.32 (250.86) | 444.04 (182.94) | 441.77 (176.17) | 537.51 (174.04) | 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Subjects with daily abdominal discomfort in past 30 days (%) | 51% | 58.5% | 37% | 58% | 53% | 0.93 |
|
| ||||||
| SF-36 pain scale (mean s.d.) | 34.96 (16.50) | 44.11 (15.32) | 36.24 (14.06) | 32.40 (14.03) | 27.29 (17.85) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Psychosocial variables | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| DSM-IV depressive disorders (current) (%) | 8% | 2% | 6% | 8% | 16% | 0.005 |
|
| ||||||
| DSM-IV anxiety disorders (current) (%) | 9% | 8% | 11% | 8% | 9% | 0.94 |
|
| ||||||
| HADS-anxiety (0–21) | 4.60 (3.50) | 4.25 (3.44) | 4.65 (3.43) | 4.81 (3.44) | 4.69 (3.74) | 0.49 |
|
| ||||||
| HADS-depression (0–21) | 3.45 (3.10) | 2.09 (2.26) | 3.13 (2.58) | 4.02 (3.70) | 4.55 (3.17) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| BDI-II (0–63) | 7.75 (5.39) | 5.47 (4.79) | 6.61 (4.33) | 8.87 (5.44) | 10.02 (5.79) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| CSQ-CAT sum score (0–36) (coping/catastrophizing) | 7.58 (6.68) | 6.92 (6.02) | 7.74 (7.18) | 8.39 (6.73) | 7.31 (6.84) | 0.80 |
|
| ||||||
| SF-36 physical | 38.70 (7.89) | 42.88 (6.89) | 40.53 (6.66) | 37.00 (7.66) | 34.48 (7.69) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| SF-36 mental | 48.74 (9.60) | 51.82 (6.94) | 50.28 (8.95) | 46.80 (8.79) | 46.09 (11.94) | 0.003 |
|
| ||||||
| Physical and/or sexual abuse history (%) | 24% | 24.5% | 20% | 29% | 22% | 1.00 |
|
| ||||||
| Narcotics use (%) | 26% | 25% | 26% | 27% | 27% | 0.95 |
|
| ||||||
| Antidepressant/anxiolytic use (%) | 39% | 38% | 35% | 35% | 49% | 0.33 |
BDI-II, Beck depression inventory-II; CSQ-CAT, Coping Skills Questionnaire-Catastrophizing Subscale; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; RAPID, recurrent abdominal pain intensity and disability; SF-36, medical outcomes study short-form 36.
a
Indicates overall statistical significance for comparisons across quartiles; hypothesis test was a test for trend in ordered alternatives, Jonckheere trend test was for continuous variables, and Cochrane–Armitage was for categorical variables.
Bold entries are those numbers that are statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05).