Table 3.
Breast Biopsy Trial.
| Time Point (min) | Number of Ratings | Average (SD) of Measures | F(p) Value for Group Differences | χ2(p) Kruskal-Wallis Test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Empathy | Hypnosis | ||||
| Average of Original (Single) Ratings at Each
Time Point n= number of patients giving ratings at each time point | ||||||
| 10 | 1 | 1.16(1.95) n=76 |
0.81(1.57) n=81 |
1.16(2.08) =n-78 |
0.902(0.407) | 1.339(0.512) |
| 20 | 1 | 1.97(2.43) n=76 |
1.14(1.87) n=81 |
1.21(2.10) n=77 |
3.562(0.030) | 7.409(0.025) |
| 30 | 1 | 2.33(2.62) n=76 |
1.64(2.20) n=81 |
1.30(2.13) n=75 |
3.459(0.033) | 6.281(0.043) |
| 40 | 1 | 2.87(2.88) n=70 |
2.23(2.37) n=71 |
1.77(2.51) n-65 |
2.535(0.082) | 5.788(0.055) |
| 50 | 1 | 3.68(3.18) n=59 |
2.60(2.70) n=57 |
2.03(2.77) n=52 |
3.425(0.036) | 7.010(0.030) |
| 60 | 1 | 2.97(2.85) n=41 |
3.16(3.30) n=45 |
2.81(3.38) n=39 |
0.089(0.915) | 0.436(0.804) |
| 70 | 1 | 3.91(2.91) n=32 |
2.52(2.52) n=31 |
2.80(3.25) n=26 |
1.476(0.236) | 3.316(0.191) |
| 80 | 1 | 4.67(2.94) n=23 |
3.33(2.53) n=23 |
3.38(3.81) n=20 |
0.809(0.454) | 2.063(0.356) |
| 90 | 1 | 5.50(3.02) n=15 |
2.86(2.73) n=12 |
3.00(4.24) n=8 |
1.530(0.247) | 3.302(0.192) |
| 100 | 1 | 7.57(2.70) n=8 |
2.60(1.95) n=7 |
2.80(3.11) n=4 |
7.007(0.008) | 7.347(0.025) |
| Average (SD) of Averaged Ratings | ||||||
| 10–20 | 2 | 1.56(2.23) | 0.98(1.73) | 1.19(2.09) | 3.346(0.036) | 6.906(0.032) |
| 10–30 | 3 | 1.80(2.38) | 1.18(1.9) | 1.22(2.09) | 5.958(0.003) | 11.756(0.003) |
| 10–40 | 4 | 2.02(2.53) | 1.38(2.04) | 1.33(2.18) | 8.281(<0.001) | 16.645(<0.001) |
| 10–50 | 5 | 2.24(2.67) | 1.55(2.18) | 1.41(2.27) | 11.012(<0.001) | 21.954(<0.001) |
| 10–60 | 6 | 2.30(2.69) | 1.68(2.33) | 1.52(2.40) | 9.690(<0.001) | 22.679(<0.001) |
| 10–70 | 7 | 2.40(2.73) | 1.73(2.35) | 1.59(2.47) | 10.957(<0.001) | 25.653(<0.001) |
| 10–80 | 8 | 2.49(2.77) | 1.78(2.36) | 1.63(2.51) | 12.363(<0.001) | 28.589(<0.001) |
| 10–90 | 9 | 2.55(2.80) | 1.80(2.37) | 1.65(2.53) | 13.779(<0.001) | 31.156(<0.001) |
| 10–100 | 10 | 2.63(2.87) | 1.81(2.37) | 1.66(2.54) | 16.197(<0.001) | 34.155(<0.001) |
| Average (SD) of Individual Patient Slopes | ||||||
| 10–20 | 2 | 0.08(0.20) | 0.03(0.18) | 0.01(0.15) | 3.604(0.029) | 5.359(0.069) |
| 10–30 | 3 | 0.06(0.12) | 0.04(0.09) | 0.01(0.10) | 4.230(0.016) | 7.434(0.024) |
| 10–40 | 4 | 0.05(0.09) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.02(0.10) | 1.814(0.165) | 6.554(0.038) |
| 10–50 | 5 | 0.05(0.09) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.02(0.09) | 2.054(0.131) | 5.761(0.056) |
| 10–60 | 6 | 0.04(0.08) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.03(0.09) | 0.834(0.436) | 3.194(0.203) |
| 10–70 | 7 | 0.04(0.08) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.03(0.09) | 0.618(0.540) | 2.128(0.345) |
| 10–80 | 8 | 0.04(0.08) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.03(0.09) | 0.508(0.602) | 2.034(0.362) |
| 10–90 | 9 | 0.04(0.08) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.03(0.09) | 0.454(0.636) | 1.729(0.421) |
| 10–100 | 10 | 0.04(0.08) | 0.04(0.07) | 0.03(0.09) | 0.502(0.606) | 2.047(0.359) |
| Average Maximal Pain(SD) | ||||||
| 10 | 1 | 1.16(1.95) | 0.81(1.57) | 1.16(2.08) | - | - |
| 10–20 | 2 | 2.06(2.45) | 1.35(2.01) | 1.53(2.29) | 0.680(0.571) | 0.956(0.620) |
| 10–30 | 3 | 2.60(2.77) | 1.73(2.19) | 1.72(2.36) | 1.210(0.362) | 1.412(0.494) |
| 10–40 | 4 | 2.98(2.95) | 2.07(2.39) | 2.01(2.48) | 1.672(0.241) | 2.094(0.351) |
| 10–50 | 5 | 3.56(3.2) | 2.45(2.60) | 2.27(2.59) | 2.047(0.172) | 2.750(0.253) |
| 10–60 | 6 | 3.68(3.19) | 2.88(2.92) | 2.44(2.65) | 2.284(0.136) | 3.428(0.180) |
| 10–70 | 7 | 3.73(3.21) | 2.89(2.92) | 2.58(2.72) | 2.706(0.094) | 4.379(0.112) |
| 10–80 | 8 | 3.75(3.19) | 2.90(2.91) | 2.63(2.71) | 3.246(0.059) | 5.261(0.072) |
| 10–90 | 9 | 3.80(3.18) | 2.93(2.90) | 2.65(2.74) | 3.888(0.034) | 6.378(0.041) |
| 10–100 | 10 | 3.86(3.24) | 2.94(2.89) | 2.65(2.74) | 4.660(0.018) | 7.688(0.021) |
SD = Standard Deviation. Significant findings are highlighted in bold typeface. Averaged ratings were the most sensitive in detecting differences. Use of the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis Test should be favored, since the prerequsitite of a normal distribution for performance of the ANOVA F test was not given. Use of single time points or individual patient slopes was relatively insentive with this data set. Averaged maximal pain ratings showed significant differences only at very late time intervals when few patients remained in the procedure room.