Table 1.
General characteristics of study population compared by sex and separated by ethnicity
| Caucasians | East Asians | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | p-value | Males | Females | p-value | |||||
| Population (#) | 113 | SEM | 298 | SEM | 98 | SEM | 277 | SEM | ||
| Age (yrs) | 23.1 | 0.2 | 23.1 | 0.1 | 0.87 | 22.4 | 0.2 | 22.1 | 0.1 | 0.26 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3 | 0.3 | 23.1 | 0.2 | 0.54 | 23.2 | 0.3 | 21.2 | 0.1 | <0.01* |
| HOMA-IR | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.02* | 1.4 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.84 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.9 | 0.1 | 4.7 | <0.1 | <0.01* | 5.0 | <0.1 | 4.7 | <0.1 | <0.01* |
| Insulin (pmol/L) | 37.1 | 2.1 | 47.4 | 1.7 | <0.01* | 45.7 | 2.3 | 48.1 | 2.9 | 0.62 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.0 | 0.1 | 4.4 | 0.1 | <0.01* | 4.1 | 0.1 | 4.3 | <0.1 | <0.05* |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 | <0.1 | 1.7 | <0.1 | <0.01* | 1.4 | <0.1 | 1.7 | <0.1 | <0.01* |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.1 | 0.1 | 2.2 | <0.1 | 0.32 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 2.2 | <0.1 | 0.24 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | <0.1 | 0.86 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | <0.1 | 0.19 |
| Free fatty acids (μmol/L) | 454 | 24.6 | 489 | 14.2 | 0.21 | 453 | 21.4 | 521 | 15.4 | 0.02* |
| % Total energy from fat | 27.4 | 0.6 | 27.9 | 0.4 | 0.56 | 26.3 | 0.5 | 26.2 | 0.3 | 0.98 |
Statistical differences were determined using Student’s t-test. The * denotes p-values which are significant.
Abbreviation: SEM standard error of the mean.