Table 2.

Dietary intake at 0 and 12 months for Look AHEAD participants with complete dietary assessments^a (N=2,121) (M [SD])

	Diabetes Support and Education (n = 1,186)	Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (n = 1,211)	Adjusted P-Values
			Group	Time	Group x Time
Energy (kcal/day)
0	2007 (928)	1992 (863)	NSb	< 0.0001	NS
12	1697 (788)	1661 (659)
% energy CHOc,d
0	43.8 (7.6)	43.8 (7.7)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	43.5 (8.9)	50.8 (8.7)
% energy fate
0	40.0 (6.9)	40.0 (6.9)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	39.7 (7.6)	34.2 (7.5)
% energy protein
0	17.2 (3.0)	17.1 (2.8)	NS	< 0.001	NS
12	17.8 (3.3)	18.0 (2.7)
% energy PUFAe,f
0	7.5 (2.2)	7.5 (2.2)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	7.2 (2.0)	6.5 (1.9)
% energy SFe,g
0	13.1 (3.1)	13.1 (3.2)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	12.8 (3.4)	10.1 (2.8)
Trans FA (g/day)e,h
0	5.7 (3.8)	5.6 (3.5)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	4.5 (3.1)	3.7 (2.3)
Cholesterol (mg/day)e
0	349.0 (234.6)	336.0 (203.0)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	300.0 (186.4)	216.9 (141.4)
Dietary fiber (g/day)d
0	19.2 (8.2)	19.1 (8.7)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	17.2 (8.1)	23.1 (9.1)
Meal replacements (per week)d
0	1.0 (3.4)	1.0 (3.8)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
12	1.5 (4.1)	13.5 (10.7)

^aMixed-factor analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), with a between-subject factor of group (ILI vs. DSE) and within-subject factor of time (0 and 12 months), with age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and income controlled, using Proc MIXED with a repeated statement.

^bNS = not significant.

^cCHO = carbohydrate.

^dIntensive Lifestyle Intervention was significantly higher than Diabetes Support and Education at 12 months.

^eIntensive Lifestyle Intervention was significantly lower than Diabetes Support and Education at 12 months.

^fPUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 6 and omega 3).

^gSF = saturated fat.

^hFA = fatty acids.