Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Dialysis Group (N = 143) | Control Group (N = 100) | P -value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age yr | 71.3 ± 11.9 | 72.0 ± 8.9 | ns |
| Male sex no. (%) | 77 (53.8) | 71 (71.0) | <0.01 |
| Coexisting conditions no. (%) | |||
| Smoker | 47 (32.9) | 45 (45.0) | ns |
| pack years | 44.4 ± 19.6 | 57.6 ± 23.1 | ns |
| Hypertension | 130 (90.9) | 86 (86.0) | ns |
| Diabetes | 54 (37.8) | 32 (32.0) | ns |
| HbA1c % | 6.9 ± 1.6 | 6.6 ± 1.8 | ns |
| Dyslipidaemia | 86 (60.1) | 52 (52.0) | ns |
| Cholesterol total mmol/L | 4.5 ± 1.2 | 4.6 ± 1.5 | ns |
| LDL cholesterol mmol/L | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | ns |
| CVD | 83 (58.0) | 53 (53.0) | ns |
| eGFR (EPI) ml/min/1.73 m2 | <15 | 67.2 ± 23.9 | - |
| Proteinuria mg/mmol | No data | 23 ± 47 | - |
| Anti-hypertensive therapy no. (%) | |||
| RAAS-inhibitors | 64 (44.8) | 64 (64.0) | <0.01 |
| Calcium-antagonists | 48 (33.6) | 30 (30.0) | ns |
| Beta-blockers | 61 (42.7) | 35 (35.0) | ns |
| Alpha-blockers | 29 (20.3) | 4 (4.0) | <0.01 |
| Diuretics | 72 (50.3) | 43 (43.0) | ns |
| Follow-up months | 16.4 ± 7.5 | 0 | - |
| Duration of dialysis months | 40.3 ± 35.2 | - | - |
| Kt/V | 1.47 ± 0.33 | - | - |
| Haemodynamics measures mean ± SD | |||
| Systolic Pressure (peripheral) mmHg | 126.2 ± 22.9 | 128.7 ± 17.5 | ns |
| Diastolic Pressure (peripheral) mmHg | 74.8 ± 14.0 | 78.4 ± 12.5 | <0.05 |
| Systolic Pressure (central) mmHg | 114.8 ± 21.1 | 117.8 ± 16.6 | ns |
| Diastolic Pressure (central) mmHg | 76.5 ± 14.1 | 79.9 ± 12.6 | 0.05 |
| Peripheral resistances s*mmHg/ml | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | ns |
| Cardiac output l/min | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.6 | ns |
| Pulse Pressure mmHg | 51.3 ± 15.1 | 50.3 ± 12.0 | ns |
| Diabetics | 53.5 ± 10.5 | 54.6 ± 12.9 | ns |
| non-Diabetics | 50.0 ± 17.2 | 48.3 ± 11.2 | ns |
| CVD | 50.8 ± 14.4 | 49.5 ± 12.1 | ns |
| non-CVD | 52.0 ± 16.2 | 51.1 ± 12.0 | ns |
| Alx@75 % | 25.1 ± 10.6 | 29.6 ± 10.0 | <0.01 |
| Refl. Coef. % | 63.1 ± 7.5 | 64.8 ± 6.3 | ns (0.06) |
| MobPWV adjusted m/s | 7.6 ± 2.1 | 6.4 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| Diabetics | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| non-Diabetics | 7.5 ± 2.2 | 6.4 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
| CVD | 7.8 ± 2.2 | 6.7 ± 1.4 | <0.01 |
| non- CVD | 7.4 ± 2.0 | 6.1 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
| MobPWV unadjusted m/s | 10.6 ± 2.2 | 10.5 ± 1.7 | ns |
| Diabetics | 10.9 ± 2.0 | 10.7 ± 1.7 | ns |
| non-Diabetics | 10.5 ± 2.3 | 10.4 ± 1.7 | ns |
| CVD | 10.7 ± 2.3 | 10.8 ± 1.7 | ns |
| non-CVD | 10.5 ± 2.1 | 10.2 ± 1.6 | ns |
| Labor results mean ± SD | |||
| Ionized calcium mmol/l | 1.15 ± 0.09 | No data | |
| Diabetics | 1.14 ± 0.08 | ||
| non-Diabetics | 1.16 ± 0.09 | ||
| CVD | 1.15 ± 0.09 | ||
| non-CVD | 1.15 ± 0.09 | ||
| PTH pmol/l | 28.9 ± 21.0 | No data | |
| Diabetics | 26.1 ± 20.8 | ||
| non-Diabetics | 30.6 ± 21.0 | ||
| CVD | 28.8 ± 22.6 | ||
| non-CVD | 29.0 ± 18.7 | ||
| Phosphate mmol/L | 1.59 ± 0.44 | ||
| Bicarbonate mmol/L | 18.7 ± 8.1 | ||
MobPWV = PWV obtained by Mobil-O-Graph (adjusted by systolic blood pressure and unadjusted); Alx@75 = augmentation index corrected at 75 beats per minute; Refl. Coef. = reflection coefficient; CVD = cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease and/or cerebrovascular disease and/or peripheral arterial disease); CHF = congestive heart failure; BMI = body-mass Index; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system; DBW = dry body weight; ns = non-significant.