Table 1.
Composition of sample of vertebrae from the 71 humans, 36 chimpanzees, and 15 orangutans included in study
| Taxon | Female | Male | Unknown | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orangutans | ||||
| Last thoracic | 4 | 8 | 0 | 12 |
| First lumbar | 5 | 9 | 1 | 15 |
| Combined | 9 | 17 | 1 | 27 |
| Chimpanzees | ||||
| Last thoracic | 8 | 17 | 0 | 25 |
| First lumbar | 6 | 19 | 6 | 31 |
| Combined | 14 | 36 | 6 | 56 |
| Healthy humans | ||||
| Last thoracic | 12 | 14 | 0 | 26 |
| First lumbar | 15 | 17 | 2 | 34 |
| Combined | 27 | 31 | 2 | 60 |
| Pathological humans | ||||
| Last thoracic | 13 | 20 | 0 | 33 |
| First lumbar | 6 | 13 | 2 | 21 |
| Combined | 19 | 33 | 2 | 54 |
Pathological humans = human vertebrae with Schmorl’s nodes. Healthy humans = human vertebrae without Schmorl’s nodes or other pathologies. None of the orangutan or chimpanzee vertebrae were pathological.