Table 1.

Reported difference in Young’s moduli of cells, tissues, and organs caused by the pathological or physiological changes.

Tissue Type	Tissue Condition	Young’s Modulus (Pa)
Cornea (Human) [10]	Normal	1.3×106
	Collagen cross-linking	5.9×106
Anterior Lens Capsule (Human) [11]	Normal	485.8×103
	Cataract	416.2×103
Lens nucleus (Human) [12]	Middle age (about 40 years old)	5.2×103
	Old age (63-70 years old)	10.6×103
Liver (Human) [13]	Normal	4-6×103
	Septal fibrosis	8-12.5×103
Breast tissue (Human) [14]	Fat	5-10×103
	Parenchyma	30×103
	Benign lesions	55×103
	Malignant lesions	179×103
Cartilage (Human) [15]	Under the temperature of 50 Celsius	80×103
	Under the temperature of 80 Celsius	16×103
Skin (Human) [16]	Younger (3-30 years old)	4.2×105
	Older (30-89 years old)	8.5×105
Skeletal muscle (Human) [17]	Relaxation	40.6×103
	Contraction	258.1×103
Aortic wall (Human) [18]	Non-fibrous	41.2×103
	Fibrous	81.7×103
	Calcified	354.5×103
Cardiac cell (Rat) [8]	Systolic	26.2×103
	Diastolic	7.8×103
Breast epithelial cell (Human) [19]	Benign	1161
	Malignant	616
Erythrocytes (Human) [20]	Normal	l.lx103
	Sickle	3.05×103