Table 1.
Demographic and neuropsychological characteristics of participants.
| Controls (N=31) | bvFTD (N=20) | svPPA (N=11) | naPPA (N=4) | AD (N=8) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (years) | 62.6 (7.2) | 63.6 (9.6) | 66.2 (7.3) | 66.4 (13.1) | 66.6 (5.9) |
| Gender (M:F) | 14:17 | 17:3 | 7:4 | 2:2 | 7:1 |
| IQ | |||||
| WASI vocab (/80) | 70.7 (4.7) | 43.6 (18.4) | 24.3 (17.3)vs FTD | 41.5 (5.9) | 53.8 (12.8) |
| WASI blocks (/71) | 46.1 (11.7) | 22.2 (14.9)vs svPPA | 32.7 (17.2) | 25.8 (17.1) | 20.9 (13.6) |
| WASI similarities (/48) | 41.0 (6.2) | 23.2 (10.4) | 13.5 (11.0)vs FTD | 23.5 (10.3) | 26.9 (9.2) |
| WASI matrices (/32) | 27.3 (8.3) | 14.6 (6.3) | 19.0 (8.7) | 14.3 (6.6) | 14.5 (8.2) |
| NART total (/50)a | 41.8 (5.7) | 30.1 (12.0) | 23.7 (17.8) | 19.3 (9.5) | 33.4 (9.6) |
| Episodic memory | |||||
| RMT Words (/50)b | 48.1 (2.6) | 36.1 (7.4)vs naPPA | 32.0 (8.3) | 46.8 (3.4)⁎ | 34.7 (8.7) |
| RMT Faces (/50)c | 43.3 (4.3) | 34.0 (6.6)vs naPPA, AD | 32.9 (8.8) | 40.3 (3.2)⁎ | 38.2 (4.7) |
| Semantic processing | |||||
| BPVS (/150) | 147.6 (1.6) | 130.1 (19.8)vs naPPA | 75.8 (51.4)vs FTD | 141.8 (7.7)⁎ | 131.6 (22.8) |
| Executive function | |||||
| D–KEFS Stroop colour (s)d | 29.5 (4.9) | 39.9 (15.1) | 53.0 (26.0) | 75.3 (25.1)vs FTD | 50.1 (15.5) |
| D–KEFS Stroop word (s)d | 21.2 (3.6) | 26.6 (10.5) | 30.9 (11.4) | 72.3 (25.1)vs FTD | 30.9 (7.5) |
| D–KEFS Stroop inhibition (s)d | 54.3 (12.7) | 93.1 (41.0) | 109.3 (46.0) | 125.0 (43.7) | 136.5 (48.6)vs FTD |
| Other skills | |||||
| GNT (/30) | 25.2 (3.3) | 11.5 (7.6)vs naPPA, AD | 1.7 (3.1)vs FTD | 18.5 (8.4)⁎ | 18.0 (5.4) |
| Forwards digit span (/12) | 9.1 (1.5) | 7.5 (2.7) | 7.8 (3.2)⁎ | 5.8 (2.8) | 7.0 (2.4) |
| Backwards digit span (/12) | 7.2 (2.0) | 5.7 (2.3) | 6.0 (3.0)⁎ | 4.5 (2.1) | 3.9 (1.8)vs FTD |
| GDA Addition (/12)e | 7.5 (2.5) | 4.9 (3.5) | 5.1 (4.4) | 2.5 (1.9)vs FTD | 3.6 (1.5) |
| GDA Subtraction (/12)e | 8.0 (2.6) | 5.3 (3.9) | 4.6 (4.7) | 2.0 (1.4)vs FTD | 4.1 (2.6) |
| VOSP Object decision (/20) | 18.6 (1.6) | 15.5 (4.2)vs naPPA | 15.3 (4.2) | 17.8 (2.6)⁎ | 16.9 (1.8) |
Data are mean (SD) with the exception of gender.
In general all patient groups performed, on average, worse than controls at all tests. Exceptions have the superscript ⁎ which indicates that there was no difference between that patient group and controls.
Results in bold indicate that, on average, that patient group performed worse than another patient group on that test (indicated by the superscript).
AD, Alzheimer׳s disease; BPVS, British picture vocabulary scale; bvFTD, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia; D–KEFS, Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System; GDA, Graded Difficulty Arithmetic; GNT, Graded Naming Test; NART, National Adult Reading Test; naPPA, nonfluent/agrammatic progressive aphasia; RMT, recognition memory test; svPPA, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia; VOSP, Visual Object and Space Perception Battery; WASI, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.
1 bvFTD, 2 svPPA and 1 naPPA unable to attempt the NART.
2 bvFTD, 1 svPPA and 1 AD unable to complete RMW.
1 bvFTD unable to complete RMF.
3 bvFTD and 1 svPPA unable to complete Stroop.
1 bvFTD and 1 AD unable to complete GDA.