Table 3. Biological markers of stress factors for women in the GDM and control cohorts at fasting and a 1-h OGTT.
| Fasting | 1-h OGTT | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | P | Case | Control | P | |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 4.46 ± 3.07 | 2.53 ± 1.66 | 0.001 | 4.42 ± 3.14 | 2.54 ± 1.65 | 0.004 |
| CER (g/L) | 0.64 ± 0.11 | 0.63 ± 0.10 | 0.739 | 0.72 ± 0.10** | 0.70 ± 0.11** | 0.560 |
| 3-NT (nmol/L) | 83.38 ± 65.04 | 94.65 ± 65.13 | 0.386 | 119.72 ± 85.19** | 134.68 ± 83.92** | 0.353 |
| TRF (g/L) | 3.15 ± 0.41 | 3.15 ± 0.49 | 0.994 | 3.32 ± 0.55** | 3.22 ± 0.45 | 0.449 |
| RBC (1012/L) | 3.84 ± 0.40 | 3.64 ± 0.30 | 0.023 | 3.77 ± 0.39** | 3.60 ± 0.28* | 0.037 |
| HGB (g/dL) | 113.31 ± 12.46 | 112.39 ± 10.45 | 0.736 | 111.11 ± 12.23** | 110.92 ± 9.61** | 0.940 |
| HCT (%) | 34.78 ± 3.33 | 34.49 ± 2.75 | 0.695 | 34.22 ± 3.14 | 34.13 ± 2.56 | 0.899 |
| MCH (pg) | 29.74 ± 3.57 | 30.88 ± 1.96 | 0.101 | 29.67 ± 3.62 | 30.83 ± 1.95 | 0.096 |
| MCHC (g/dL) | 325.36 ± 9.69 | 325.50 ± 7.98 | 0.947 | 324.22 ± 10.01 | 324.69 ± 8.26 | 0.828 |
| MCV (fL) | 91.23 ± 9.42 | 94.82 ± 5.05 | 0.049 | 91.34 ± 9.45 | 94.9 2± 5.11 | 0.051 |
| RET (1012/L) | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 0.046 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 0.078 |
| HFR (%) | 1.64 ± 1.19 | 0.96 ± 0.91 | 0.008 | 1.36 ± 1.15* | 0.93 ± 1.10 | 0.111 |
| MFR (%) | 12.37 ± 3.88 | 10.65 ± 4.55 | 0.090 | 11.42 ± 3.81** | 9.67 ± 4.46** | 0.078 |
| LFR (%) | 85.99 ± 4.96 | 88.39 ± 5.41 | 0.054 | 87.22 ± 4.75** | 89.40 ± 5.47** | 0.075 |
| WBC (109/L) | 11.13 ± 2.46 | 10.03 ± 2.30 | 0.054 | 10.75 ± 2.37** | 9.78 ± 2.10* | 0.070 |
| MONO (109/L) | 0.53 ± 0.14 | 0.53 ± 0.15 | 1.000 | 0.38 ± 0.12** | 0.44 ± 0.12** | 0.041 |
| NEUT (109/L) | 8.47 ± 2.10 | 7.44 ± 1.93 | 0.034 | 8.52 ± 2.10 | 7.63 ± 1.83* | 0.057 |
| LYMPH(109/L) | 2.00 ± 0.57 | 1.93 ± 0.53 | 0.570 | 1.73 ± 0.53** | 1.61 ± 0.43** | 0.282 |
| PLT (109/L) | 253.36 ± 60.03 | 239.72 ± 56.59 | 0.325 | 250.72 ± 57.95 | 236.86 ± 56.25 | 0.307 |
| MPV (%) | 10.76 ± 2.02 | 11.07 ± 0.90 | 0.406 | 10.75 ± 2.01 | 10.99 ± 0.89* | 0.526 |
| PDW (fL) | 13.12 ± 2.95 | 13.35 ± 1.87 | 0.686 | 13.09 ± 2.88 | 13.25 ± 2.11 | 0.794 |
| PCT (%) | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 0.25 ± 0.05 | 0.745 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 0.24 ± 0.05 | 0.638 |
Data are means ± SD.
* Comparison of fasting and 1-h OGTT values of case and control groups, respectively, P < 0.05.
** Comparison of fasting and 1-h OGTT values of case and control groups, respectively, P < 0.01.
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; CER, ceruloplasmin; NT, nitrotyrosine; TRF, transferrin; RBC, red blood cell; HGB, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; MCH, mean cell hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean cell volume; RET, reticulocyte; HFR, high fluorescence reticulocytes; MFR, middle fluorescence reticulocytes; LFR, low fluorescence reticulocytes; WBC, white blood cell; MONO, monocyte; NEUT, neutrophil; LYMPH, lymphocyte; PLT, platelets; MPV, mean platelet volume; PDW, red blood cells volume distribution width; PCT, plateletcrit