Table 2.

GAS6 signaling molecules and the development of obesity in clinical studies.

Model	Comparison	Age	GAS6 (plasma, ng/mL)	Axl (plasma, ng/mL)	BMI (kg/m2)	References
T2DM	Normal versus T2DM	50.2 ± 1.5 versus 52.4 ± 1.5	14.3 ± 0.7 versus 11.5 ± 0.4∗		23.9 ± 0.4 versus 26.0 ± 0.4∗	Lee et al., 2012 [26], Hung et al., 2010 [17]
T2DM	Normal versus T2DM	51.3 ± 1.5 versus 53.8 ± 1.3∗	15.2 ± 0.4 versus 11.2 ± 0.3∗			Lee et al., 2014 [29]
Human	Male versus female	49.1 ± 1.5 versus 55.8 ± 0.1∗	12.6 ± 0.5 versus 13.4 ± 0.5		24.8 ± 0.3 versus 25.4 ± 0.4	Kuo et al., 2014 [19]
Female	Pre- versus postmenopausal	34.1 ± 10.7 versus 58.9 ± 7.1∗	21.8 ± 8.9 versus 18.6 ± 9.4∗		25.3 ± 3.7 versus 25.2 ± 3.9	Hung et al., 2014 [20]
Adolescents	Lean versus obesity	13.3 ± 0.9 versus 13.2 ± 1.0	12.3 ± 4.4 versus 13.9 ± 3.9∗	3.8 ± 1.0 versus 4.7 ± 1.3∗	19.5 ± 1.5 versus 27.8 ± 2.7∗	Hsiao et al., 2013 [11]
Boys with GAS6 rs8191974 genotype	GG versus AA		13.1 ± 3.7 versus 13.0 ± 3.1		22.5 ± 4.2 versus 20.7 ± 3.3∗	Hsiao et al., 2014 [12]

^∗ P < 0.05. T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.