Figure 1. Vp-genkwa treatment following mucosal HSV-1 infection reduces mortality and ameliorates clinical signs. (A and B) Effect of vp-genkwa treatment prior to HSV-1 infection. Groups of BALB/c mice received oral vp-genkwa twice, and were infected i.vag. with HSV-1 the next day. The infected mice were then examined daily until 15 dpi for survival (A) and for vaginal inflammation, neurological illness, and death (B). (C and D) Effect of vp-genkwa treatment after HSV-1 infection. Groups of BALB/c mice were infected i.vag. with HSV-1 and treated orally with vp-genkwa twice with a 1-day interval. The infected mice were examined daily until 15 dpi to assess survival (C), and vaginal inflammation, neurological illness, and death (D). Kaplan-Meiers survival curves were computed and analyzed using the chi-square test. Clinical severity was graded as follows: 0, no inflammation; 1, mild inflammation; 2, moderate swelling; 3, severe inflammation; 4, paralysis; 5, death. The graph of clinical scores represents the average clinical score of 10 mice per group.