Table 10.
Vaccine applications of fourth-generation poxvirus-based vectors generated by the insertion of viral genes.
| Poxvirus Strain | Target Pathogen or Disease | Heterologous antigen | Inserted Gene | Gene Function | Status | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viral infections | ||||||
| NYVAC | HIV/AIDS | HIV-1 Env, Gag-Pol-Nef (clade C) | VACV K1L and C7L (B19R deletion) | Host range | preclinical | [542,543] |
| HIV-1 Env, Gag-Pol-Nef (clade B) | VACV C7L | Host range | preclinical | [547] | ||
| MeV | HA | VACV K1L | Host range | preclinical | [548] | |
| ALVAC | HIV/AIDS | HIV-1MN gp120 linked to TM domain of HIV-1LAI gp41, HIV-1LAI Gag and protease, synthetic polypeptide encompassing several human nef and pol epitopes, CD40L | VACV E3L and K3L | PKR and/or 2'5'OAS inhibitors | clinical | [549,550,551,552,553,554,555,556] |
| Parasitic diseases | ||||||
| NYVAC | Malaria | CS | VACV K1L | Host range | preclinical | [557] |
Abbreviations: MeV: Measles virus; HA: Hemagglutinin; TM: Transmembrane; PKR: Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase; 2'5'OAS: 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase; CS: Circumsporozoite protein.