Table 4.
Normative data of pinch strengths (Tip, Key and Palmar) in kg force for women by age (n=482)
| Agea | Handb | Tip Pinch (kg) | Key Pinch (kg) | Palmar Pinch (kg) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | SEM | min-max | Mean | SD | SEM | min-max | Mean | SD | SEM | min-max | ||
| 20-24 | D | 5.7 | 1.8 | 0.27 | 1.4-9.6 | 7.8 | 1.6 | 0.25 | 2.6-14.0 | 7.2 | 1.5 | 0.23 | 3.6-12.0 |
| ND | 5.5 | 1.3 | 0.19 | 2.9-9.2 | 7.4 | 1.5 | 0.23 | 4.0-14.0 | 7.3 | 1.5 | 0.22 | 3.1-11.8 | |
| 25-29 | D | 6.1 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 4.2-8.2 | 7.8 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 5.6-9.7 | 7.6 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 5.7-10.9 |
| ND | 5.9 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 3.9-8.0 | 7.4 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 5.1-10.0 | 7.3 | 1.2 | 0.19 | 3.5-11.5 | |
| 30-34 | D | 6.0 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 4.0-9.0 | 7.8 | 1.0 | 0.16 | 5.7-10.5 | 7.3 | 1.1 | 0.17 | 4.5-10.4 |
| ND | 5.6 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 3.0-7.5 | 7.3 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 5.0-9.6 | 6.8 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 4.0-8.2 | |
| 35-39 | D | 6.1 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 4.6-8.5 | 7.7 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 5.0-10.0 | 7.2 | 1.2 | 0.18 | 5.1-12.2 |
| ND | 5.9 | 0.7 | 0.11 | 4.0-7.2 | 7.3 | 0.8 | 0.12 | 5.5-9.4 | 7.2 | 1.2 | 0.19 | 4.5-12.5 | |
| 40-44 | D | 6.2 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 4.8-10.2 | 7.8 | 1.0 | 0.16 | 6.0-11.5 | 7.4 | 1.4 | 0.21 | 5.0-13.0 |
| ND | 5.9 | 0.8 | 0.12 | 4.5-8.6 | 7.4 | 1.1 | 0.16 | 5.4-10.0 | 7.3 | 1.3 | 0.21 | 5.1-11.2 | |
| 45-49 | D | 6.1 | 1.1 | 0.17 | 4.1-9.9 | 7.6 | 1.1 | 0.17 | 5.1-10.6 | 7.0 | 1.3 | 0.20 | 3.5-11.7 |
| ND | 5.9 | 0.8 | 0.12 | 4.0-7.7 | 7.3 | 1.0 | 0.15 | 5.0-10.7 | 6.9 | 1.3 | 0.19 | 4.2-11.3 | |
| 50-54 | D | 5.9 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 4.5-8.2 | 7.3 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 5.5-9.2 | 7.0 | 1.2 | 0.18 | 5.5-10.0 |
| ND | 5.6 | 0.7 | 0.11 | 3.5-7.4 | 7.1 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 4.6-9.6 | 6.7 | 1.2 | 0.18 | 5.0-11.0 | |
| 55-59 | D | 5.8 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 3.8-7.5 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 4.5-8.6 | 6.8 | 1.2 | 0.19 | 4.5-10.0 |
| ND | 5.7 | 0.6 | 0.10 | 4.7-6.9 | 6.9 | 0.8 | 0.12 | 5.4-8.5 | 6.6 | 1.0 | 0.16 | 4.5-10.0 | |
| 60-64 | D | 5.5 | 0.9 | 0.15 | 3.5-9.0 | 6.6 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 4.5-9.2 | 6.1 | 1.1 | 0.18 | 2.9-9.0 |
| ND | 5.4 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 3.2-7.5 | 6.3 | 0.9 | 0.14 | 3.8-8.0 | 6.1 | 1.0 | 0.16 | 3.5-9.0 | |
| 65-69 | D | 5.5 | 0.9 | 0.15 | 4.2-8.5 | 6.4 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 4.5-9.3 | 6.0 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 3.6-12.0 |
| ND | 5.4 | 0.7 | 0.12 | 4.0-8.1 | 6.3 | 0.7 | 0.12 | 5.0-8.0 | 5.8 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 3.0-6.8 | |
| 70-74 | D | 5.4 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 2.7-7.0 | 6.2 | 0.9 | 0.16 | 4.0-8.0 | 5.6 | 0.9 | 0.15 | 5.7-10.9 |
| ND | 5.2 | 0.5 | 0.10 | 4.1-6.3 | 5.8 | 0.6 | 0.11 | 4.5-7.1 | 5.6 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 3.6-7.3 | |
| 75< | D | 4.7 | 0.7 | 0.12 | 2.5-6.4 | 5.4 | 0.8 | 0.14 | 3.7-7.8 | 5.1 | 1.2 | 0.20 | 4.5-10.4 |
| ND | 4.6 | 0.7 | 0.12 | 2.5-6.5 | 5.2 | 0.7 | 0.12 | 3.8-7.2 | 4.8 | 0.9 | 0.16 | 2.7-7.5 | |
| Total | D | 5.8 | 1.1 | 0.05 | 1.4-10.2 | 7.2 | 1.2 | 0.06 | 2.6-14.0 | 6.7 | 1.4 | 0.06 | 5.1-12.2 |
| ND | 5.6 | 0.9 | 0.04 | 2.5-9.2 | 6.9 | 1.1 | 0.05 | 3.8-14.0 | 6.6 | 1.3 | 0.06 | 2.7-12.5 | |
a Years/b D, Dominant hand; ND, Non-Dominant hand