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. 2015 Apr 28;6:256. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00256

Table 5.

Repeated measures analysis of variance results for length increments for corn lower- and upper-root systems and the two combined.

Source df Lower roots df Upper roots df Lower and upper roots combined
P-value

Group (Weeks 1–2) 1 0.0538 N/A N/A 1 0.1343
Group (Weeks 2–3) 1 0.4578 1 0.0035 1 0.2013
Between-subject effects
Group 1 0.1642 1 0.1018
Error 4 4
Within-subject effects
Time 1 0.8859 1 0.2938
Time Group 1 0.4683 1 0.4935
Error (Time) 4 4

Except for N/A, the Error df is 4 (df: number of degrees of freedom).

Corn plants of the salt-stressed group had no upper root in Week 1, so length increments based on upper-root length could be calculated only from Weeks 2–3 for them, limiting the comparison between groups to a classical type of ANOVA (i.e., without repeated measures).