Spatiotemporal localization of isolate antimicrobial drug resistance profiles by time period and province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1997–2012. Strains were grouped into 21 antimicrobial drug resistance profiles. The antimicrobial drugs for which the strains displayed resistance are indicated in the lower right panel. Patterns of antimicrobial drug resistance were further grouped into 5 periods. Circle circumference represents the relative number of strains, while the colors correspond to the different antimicrobial drug resistance profiles. Provinces are indicated in the 1997–2000 map. The maps were generated by using QGIS version 2.4.0-Chugiak (http://qgis.org/api/2.4/). AM, ampicillin; C, chloramphenicol; SXT, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim; TE, tetracycline; DO, doxycycline; NOR, norfloxacin; CI, ciprofloxacin; NA, nalidixic acid; E, erythromycin.