Fig. 2.

The contrasting probable natural histories of three antibody-related encephalitidies. Key things to note are the relapsing course NMDAR (N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor)-antibody encephalitis, often with a good long-term outcome. The LGI1 (leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1) or CASPR2 (contactin-associated protein 2)-associated encephalitis has a tendency to be more monophasic often with residual memory and functional deficits. GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase)-antibody-associated LE has an insidious onset and tends to adopt a more chronic course with ongoing seizures and memory deficits