Table 3. Adjusted odds ratios of children with early hospitalized airway infections (HAIs) (< 3 years) and childhood asthma (3–10 years), and those with combined comorbidities of preterm birth, congenital heart disease, or congenital respiratory diseases compared to the control group.

		3–10 y	3–5 y	6–10 y
	Case no. (% of total)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
All children
HAI	3264 (100)	1.470 (1.328–1.630)	1.849 (1.624–2.106)	1.044 (0.894–1.218)
Bronchiolitis	1981 (100)	1.633 (1.443–1.848)	1.928 (1.648–2.256)	1.243 (1.038–1.487)
Other HAI	1283 (100)	1.229 (1.043–1.449)	1.730 (1.420–2.107)	0.745 (0.569–0.976)
Control	18527 (100)	1	1	1
Preterm (ICD = 765)
HAI	110 (3.4)	1.164 (0.629–2.154)	1.557 (0.693–3.499)	0.824 (0.351–1.938)
Bronchiolitis	86 (4.3)	1.232 (0.639–2.376)	1.528 (0.641–3.645)	0.949 (0.389–2.315)
Other HAI	24 (1.9)	0.931 (0.296–2.929)	1.659 (0.436–6.311)	0.402 (0.051–3.179)
Control	164 (0.9)	1	1	1
CHD (ICD = 745,746,747)
HAI	260 (8.0)	1.244 (0.856–1.808)	1.838 (1.160–2.911)	0.689 (0.382–1.243)
Bronchiolitis	187 (9.4)	1.458 (0.971–2.189)	1.973 (1.193–3.263)	0.911 (0.495–1.677)
Other HAI	73 (5.7)	0.754 (0.364–1.560)	1.503 (0.684–3.306)	0.156 (0.021–1.147)
Control	674 (3.6)	1	1	1
CRD (ICD = 748)
HAI	47 (1.4)	0.656 (0.213–2.019)	1.310 (0.235–7.360)	0.452 (0.117–1.750)
Bronchiolitis	39 (2.0)	0.627 (0.194–2.028)	0.917 (0.142–5.925)	0.559 (0.143–2.179)
Other HAI	8 (0.6)	0.810 (0.130–5.028)	3.667 (0.424–31.726)	0
Control		1	1	1
CLD (ICD = 770.7)
HAI	9 (0.0)	0.667 (0.059–7.475)	2.250 (0.125–40.656)	0
Bronchiolitis	8 (0.0)	0.762 (0.067–8.665)	2.571 (0.141–47.017)	0
Other HAI	1 (0.0)	0.0	0	0
Control	19 (0.0)	1	1	1

Abbreviations: y, years old; CHD, congenital heart disease; CLD, chronic lung disease arising in the perinatal period; CRD, congenital respiratory disease; HAI, hospitalized airway infections; aOR, adjusted odds ratio, adjusted by age and gender; ICD, International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification code.