Fig. 2.

Gatekeeper substitution alters the concentration at which host monolayer disruption is inhibited. Host monolayer disruption was analyzed with various concentrations of 1NM-PP1 and the knock-in parasite clones. At 5 days after parasite inoculation, cells were fixed and stained with crystal violet and OD₆₀₀ values were measured. The decrease in the OD₆₀₀ value relative to the mock was calculated as the parasite growth rate, and the average value for the non-treated (DMSO) group was estimated to be 100%. Average values ± s.d. from three independent experiments are shown. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Student's t-test to compare the parent for each condition with the same drug treatment. * indicates p < 0.05 and ** indicates p < 0.01.