. 2015 Jun;28(6):827–839. doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0704

Table 10.

Effect of benzoic acid and thymol on morphology of the small intestine of piglets

Item	Treatment¹				SEM	p-values

	C	BT1	BT2	BT3
14 d duodenum
Villus height (μm)	416	461	454	470	16.8	0.16
Crypt depth (μm)	182	181	163	174	11.1	0.60
Villus height:crypt depth	2.32	2.64	2.80	2.73	0.17	0.22
14 d jejunum
Villus height (μm)	338^b	349^b	345^b	404^a	18.3	0.08
Crypt depth (μm)	165	143	141	159	9.61	0.27
Villus height:crypt depth	2.10^b	2.46^ab	2.47^ab	2.59^a	0.12	0.04
14 d ileum
Villus height (μm)	288^b	339^ab	290^b	373^a	25.3	0.09
Crypt depth (μm)	136	134	121	137	8.32	0.51
Villus height:crypt depth	2.12^c	2.51^b	2.40^b	2.77^a	0.11	<0.01
42 d duodenum
Villus height (μm)	479	489	502	502	17.9	0.77
Crypt depth (μm)	208	199	204	201	7.16	0.83
Villus height:crypt depth	2.31	2.47	2.47	2.50	0.08	0.38
42 d jejunum
Villus height (μm)	391	417	398	416	18.6	0.70
Crypt depth (μm)	167	164	167	165	10.5	0.99
Villus height:crypt depth	2.36	2.36	2.40	2.55	0.11	0.49
42 d ileum
Villus height (μm)	345^b	405^a	380^ab	397^ab	15.6	0.07
Crypt depth (μm)	147	158	153	148	5.37	0.48
Villus height:crypt depth	2.37	2.56	2.50	2.69	0.11	0.24

SEM, standard error of the mean (n = 6, number of replicates).

C, control, basal diet; BT1, C+1,000 mg/kg benzoic acid+100 mg/kg thymol; BT2, C+1,000 mg/kg benzoic acid+200 mg/kg thymol; BT3, C+2,000 mg/kg benzoic acid+100 mg/kg thymol.

^a–b

Within a row, means without a common superscript differ (p<0.05 or p<0.10).