[Table/Fig-3]:

Changes in heart rate at various time intervals in three groups

Time interval	Group C (n=28)	Group D (n=29)	Group E (n=29)	p-value	p-value	p-value
				C vs D	C vs E	D vs E
Preoperative	88.79±9.96	87.45±9.72	85.10±8.76	0.610	0.143	0.338
After Study Drug	86.14±11.26	77.69±8.97*	82.21±7.91	<0.01	0.131	<0.05
After Induction	91.14±10.05	80.34±7.77*	87.03±7.44	<0.001	0.084	<0.05
After Intubation	106.18±9.07*	88.24±9.07	97.38±10.17*	<0.001	<0.01	<0.01
P 15	99.29±8.38*	82.38±8.62	93.07±8.20*	<0.001	<0.05	<0.001
P 30	98.57±8.45*	81.45±6.54*	90.28±7.97*	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
P 45	97.11±8.24*	80.14±7.67*	92.21±6.40*	<0.001	<0.05	<0.001
P 60	98.04±9.07*	79.41±7.13*	91.34±7.06*	<0.001	<0.01	<0.001
PP	91.29±7.49	78.00±10.51*	87.59±6.70	<0.001	0.054	<0.001
PO	90.36±7.66	77.38±10.74*	88.76±7.18	<0.001	0.419	<0.001

Mean value±SD, *p<0.05 within group (vs preoperative value)

P 15 – Fifteen minute, P 30 – Thirty minute, P 45 – Forty five minutes, P 60 – Sixty minute after pneumoperitoneum, PP – Post pneumoperitoneum, PO – Post operative