Table 2.
Vaccine candidates selected by reverse vaccinology.
| Characteristic | ESXL | PE_PGRS49 | PE26 | PPE65 | Erp | PBP1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesin probability (%) | 80 | 78 | 89 | 82 | 86 | 73 |
|
| ||||||
| Antigenicity value (VaxiJen) | 0.6286 | 3.0927 | 0.718 | 0.5241 | 0.6734 | 0.6113 |
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| Th1 cell number stimulated (1/3 injections) |
13200/17400 | 17400/27200 | 16000/22600 | 12600/22000 | 10000/18000 | 13000/19800 |
|
| ||||||
| M. bovis conservation | 1.786 | 0 | 3.396 | 6.576 | 0.271 | 1.046 |
|
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| BCG conservation | 1.786 | 0 | 3.298 | 6.656 | 0.271 | 1.046 |
|
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| Immunologic relation | It is suggested to be ESXA similar. | Their protein family members are important antigens recognized by vaccinated and TB patients serum. They are strongly related with antigenic drift and with evasion of immune response. | Their protein family members were used as strain differentiation markers, related with antigenic drift and with evasion of immune response and virulence. | Specific antibodies on cavitary TB patients have been detected. | Not reported | |
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| Characteristic or function | It is suggested to be ESXA similar. | The function of their members are varied, some of them are related with granuloma specific expression. They are also related with infectivity influence, necrosis, and apoptosis induction. They are restricted to Mycobacterium pathogenic species. | They are located on 3 conserved PAIs and 10% of the Mycobacterium genome is related with this family proteins. | Erp membrane protein precursor, phagosome produced. Their expression is related with nutrient reductions and in vivo after infection but before clinical tuberculosis in a rabbit model. | Penicillin binding protein of high molecular weight and membrane bound related with peptidoglycan synthesis. It is expressed only in vivo. | |
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| Vaccine trials | Not reported | A DNA vaccine with a protein related member Rv1818c has been reported, which generates protection only with the PE domain and better response with the complete protein. | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | |
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| References | [30–38] | [29, 39–46] | [29, 32, 34, 47–49] | [26, 39, 50–52] | [53–58] | |
Note: ESXL (ESXL family); PE_PGRS49 (PE_PGRS family); PE26 (PE family); PPE65 (PPE family); Erp and PBP1 (Others).