Table 4.
Mean (SD) MRI results for MS and control groups and for each clinical subtype
| Controls | All MS | RR | SP | PP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normalised GM volume | |||||
| MFG | 1.30 (0.15) | 1.29 (0.14) | 1.29 (0.12) | 1.31 (0.15) | 1.26 (0.13) |
| Medial prefrontal | 0.37 (0.04) | 0.35 (0.04) | 0.36 (0.04) | 0.35 (0.03) | 0.36 (0.04) |
| Hippocampi | 0.65 (0.04) | 0.65 (0.04) | 0.65 (0.05) | 0.66 (0.04) | 0.65 (0.05) |
| Anterior Cingulate |
0.89 (0.10) | 0.83 (0.11)* | 0.84 (0.09)* | 0.80 (0.12)** | 0.79 (0.14)** |
| Caudate | 0.44 (0.04) | 0.37 (0.08)*** | 0.39 (0.07)** | 0.34 (0.09)*** | 0.38 (0.09)* |
| Occipital pole | 1.25 (0.11) | 1.16 (0.15)*** | 1.16 (0.14)** | 1.16 (0.17)* | 1.19 (0.14) |
| Median white matter lesion volume (mL) | – | 9.78 (12.01) | 4.30 (12.19) | 8.59 (8.15) | 6.36 (15.72) |
| DOC | |||||
| MFG | 3.097 (0.164) | 2.963 (0.184)*** | 2.963 (0.186)*** | 2.940 (0.156)*** | 2.995 (0.216)* |
| Medial prefrontal | 3.277 (0.133) | 3.157 (0.188)*** | 3.162 (0.206)** | 3.155 (0.169)** | 3.141 (0.154)** |
| Hippocampi | 2.290 (0.119) | 2.352 (0.130)** | 2.343 (0.134)* | 2.377 (0.124)** | 3.141 (0.154) |
| Anterior cingulate | 3.011 (0.156) | 2.892 (0.231)** | 2.956 (0.173) | 2.785 (0.260)*** | 2.829 (0.292)** |
| Caudate | 2.569 (0.181) | 2.463 (0.196)** | 2.505 (0.174) | 2.383 (0.233)*** | 2.439 (0.175)* |
| Occipital pole | 3.153 (0.144) | 3.110 (0.179) | 3.114 (0.186) | 3.093 (0.199) | 3.121 (0.124) |
Normalised GM volume is expressed as a percentage of total intracranial volume.
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 (comparisons are for the whole MS group against healthy controls or MS clinical subgroups against healthy controls).
DOC, diffusion orientational complexity; GM, grey matter; MFG, middle frontal gyrus; MS, multiple sclerosis; PP, primary progressive; RR, relapsing-remitting; SP, secondary progressive.