Table 5.
Characteristics of non-atrial fibrillation patients by drug exposure: rivaroxaban propensity score 1:1 match. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Full cohort | Propensity matched cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rivaroxaban (n=10 819) | Warfarin (n=45 198) | P value | Rivaroxaban (n=10 803) | Warfarin (n=10 803) | P value | ||
| Demographics and risk scores | |||||||
| Mean (SD) age, years | 60.4 (11.8) | 61.9 (13.7) | <0.01 | 60.4 (11.8) | 59.0 (13.4) | <0.01 | |
| Age group, years: | <0.01 | 0.87 | |||||
| 18-64 | 6903 (63.8) | 24 172 (53.5) | 6888 (63.8) | 6920 (64.1) | |||
| 65-75 | 2916 (27.0) | 13 445 (29.7) | 2915 (27.0) | 2887 (26.7) | |||
| ≥76 | 1000 (9.2) | 7581 (16.8) | 1000 (9.3) | 996 (9.2) | |||
| Female sex | 6073 (56.1) | 23 500 (52.0) | <0.01 | 6061 (56.1) | 6084 (56.3) | 0.60 | |
| Race/ethnicity: | <0.01 | 0.68 | |||||
| White | 8510 (78.7) | 33 907 (75.0) | 8494 (78.6) | 8535 (79.0) | |||
| Black | 1017 (9.4) | 5343 (11.8) | 1017 (9.4) | 987 (9.1) | |||
| Other | 1292 (11.9) | 5948 (13.2) | 1292 (12.0) | 1281 (11.9) | |||
| Charlson-Deyo index: | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||||
| 0-1 | 8075 (74.6) | 26 370 (58.3) | 8059 (74.6) | 8285 (76.7) | |||
| ≥2 | 2744 (25.4) | 18 828 (41.7) | 2744 (25.4) | 2518 (23.3) | |||
| HAS-BLED score: | <0.01 | 0.04 | |||||
| 0-2 | 8623 (79.7) | 33 857 (74.9) | 8608 (79.7) | 8709 (80.6) | |||
| 3 | 1775 (16.4) | 8501 (18.8) | 1774 (16.4) | 1727 (16.0) | |||
| ≥4 | 421 (3.9) | 2840 (6.3) | 421 (3.9) | 367 (3.4) | |||
| Baseline comorbidities | |||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 224 (2.1) | 2492 (5.5) | <0.01 | 224 (2.1) | 161 (1.5) | <0.01 | |
| CABG/PCI | 72 (0.7) | 1004 (2.2) | <0.01 | 72 (0.7) | 45 (0.4) | <0.01 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 443 (4.1) | 4635 (10.3) | <0.01 | 443 (4.1) | 359 (3.3) | <0.01 | |
| Diabetes | 2141 (19.8) | 10 322 (22.8) | <0.01 | 2128 (19.7) | 2028 (18.8) | 0.02 | |
| History of gastrointestinal bleed: | 54 (0.5) | 499 (1.1) | <0.01 | 54 (0.5) | 46 (0.4) | 0.41 | |
| Upper gastrointestinal bleed | 37 (0.3) | 316 (0.7) | <0.01 | 37 (0.3) | 31 (0.3) | 0.47 | |
| Lower gastrointestinal bleed | 17 (0.2) | 183 (0.4) | <0.01 | 17 (0.2) | 15 (0.1) | 0.72 | |
| Helicobacter pylori | 38 (0.4) | 194 (0.4) | 0.26 | 38 (0.4) | 27 (0.2) | 0.17 | |
| Diverticulosis | 695 (6.4) | 3645 (8.1) | <0.01 | 695 (6.4) | 619 (5.7) | 0.01 | |
| Renal disease | 461 (4.3) | 3742 (8.3) | <0.01 | 461 (4.3) | 398 (3.7) | 0.01 | |
| Concomitant drug exposure | |||||||
| Inhibitors of warfarin* | 5566 (51.4) | 24 591 (54.4) | <0.01 | 5555 (51.4) | 5578 (51.6) | 0.60 | |
| Inducers of warfarin* | 3300 (30.5) | 15 192 (33.6) | <0.01 | 3297 (30.5) | 3192 (29.5) | 0.02 | |
| Antiplatelet agents | 470 (4.3) | 3418 (7.6) | <0.01 | 470 (4.4) | 366 (3.4) | <0.01 | |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 5420 (50.1) | 16 408 (36.3) | <0.01 | 5404 (50.0) | 5316 (49.2) | 0.03 | |
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | 2441 (22.6) | 9002 (19.9) | <0.01 | 2428 (22.5) | 2304 (21.3) | <0.01 | |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 2398 (22.2) | 11 290 (25.0) | <0.01 | 2397 (22.2) | 2330 (21.6) | 0.12 | |
| Glucocorticoids | 2549 (23.6) | 11 377 (25.2) | <0.01 | 2547 (23.6) | 2450 (22.7) | 0.02 | |
Before propensity score match: continuous data compared using t test and categorical variable using χ2 test.
After propensity score match: continuous data compared using paired t test and McNemar’s test.
CABG/PCI= coronary bypass graft/percutaneous coronary intervention.
*See appendix (table A2).