Table 3.
Factors Associated with Measured GFR in South Asians
| Factor | Unadjusted | †Model 1 | ‡Model 2 | §Model 3 (Final) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (/5 y increase) | −4.94(−6.16 to−3.72)* | −5.18 (−6.44,−3.92)* | −4.20 (−5.76 to −2.63)* | −3.84 (−5.46 to −2.21)* |
| Men vs women | 1.37(−3.52 to 6.26) | −3.61 (−8.38,1.16) | 5.04 (−5.36 to 15.43) | 7.84 (−2.98 to 18.65) |
| BMI (/1 kg/m2 increase | 0.50 (0.02 to 0.97)* | 0.63 (−0.44 to 1.71) | 0.57 (−0.48 to 1.62) | |
| Dietary Meat | ||||
| >11 vs ≤ 5_servings/wk | 11.59(4.55 to 18.63)* | 11.19 (4.38 to 17.99)* | 7.81 (1.14 to 14.48)* | |
| 6-10 vs ≤ 5 servings/wk | 3.16 (−3.09to 9.42) | 4.24 (−1.74 to 10.21) | 3.84 (−1.96 to 9.64) | |
| Serum albumin (/0.5 g/dl increase) | 6.84(3.00 to 10.70)* | 4.58 (0.74 to 8.42)* | ||
| Hemoglobin (/1g/dl increase) | 1.38 (0.02 to 2.73)* | 0.87 (−0.79 to 2.52) | ||
| Estimated protein intake (/1 g/d increase) | 0.30(0.17 to0.43)* | 0.22 (0.06 to 0.38)* | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose (/10 mg/dl increase) | 0.96 (0.60 to 1.33)* | 0.81 (0.44 to 1.18)* | ||
| 24 h urine volume (/100 ml increase) | 0.27 (−0.20 to 0.68) | |||
| Current smokers vs non- smokers | 2.30(−4.60 to 9.19) | |||
| SBP (/10 mm Hg increase) | −1.69(−2.88 to−0.51)* | −0.12 (−2.24 to 2.00) | ||
| DBP (/10 mm Hg increase) | 0.24 (−1.80 to2.27) | |||
| Pulse pressure (/10 mm Hg increase) | −4.06(−5.83 to −2.29)* | −0.71 (−1.45 to 2.65 | ||
| Total body fat percent (/1% increase) | −0.29(−0.56 to −0.02)* | −0.61 (−1.43 to 0.23) | −0.60 (−1.41 to 0.21) | |
| Lean body mass percent (/1% increase) | 0.29 (0.02 to 0.56)* | −0.05 (−0.66 to 0.55) | −0.26 (−0.84 to 0.34) | |
| HDL cholesterol (/1 mg/dl increase) | −0.29(−0.53 to −0.06)* | −0.10 (−0.35 to 0.15) | ||
| LDL cholesterol (/1 mg/dl increase) | 0.03(−0.05 to 0.12) | 7.72 (−0.19 to 15.63) | ||
| VLDL cholesterol (/1 mg/dl increase) | 0.24(0.10 to 0.38)* | |||
| Triglycerides (/1 mg/dl increase) | 0.05(0.02 to 0.07)* | −1.54 (−3.12 to 0.05) |
Values shown are β coefficient in ml/min/1.73 m2 (95%CI). Based on 530 participants. GFR was measured via inulin clearance.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; VLDL, very low density lipoprotein.
†
Model I was adjusted for demographic variables
‡
Model 2 adjusted for demographic, anthropometric and dietary factors
§
Model 3 adjusted for demographic, anthropometric, dietary and co-morbid biomarkers (final model)
*
[originally bolded]