Table 2.
Significant associations between bone mineral density and nutrients intakes estimated by 8 days of diet records and the Arizona Food Frequency Questionnaire (AFFQ) at one year (n=244).
| Standardized Coefficient βa | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # of Bone Site Agreementsb |
DIET RECORDS | AFFQ | |||||||||
| Nutrient | Neckc | Wardsc | Trocc | Spinec | Totalc | Neckc | Wardsc | Trocc | Spinec | Totalc | |
| Iron (mg) | 5 | 0.289 | 0.380 | 0.252 | 0.214 | 0.240 | 0.334 | 0.426 | 0.232 | 0.265 | 0.358 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 5 | 0.310 | 0.315 | 0.140 | 0.175 | 0.257 | 0.564 | 0.514 | 0.276 | 0.291 | 0.384 |
| Zinc (mg) | 4 | 0.267 | 0.307 | 0.227 | 0.146 | 0.204 | 0.335 | 0.374 | 0.196 | -- | 0.219 |
| Fiber (g) | 4 | 0.257 | 0.267 | 0.122 | -- | 0.171 | 0.294 | 0.272 | 0.192 | 0.225 | 0.230 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 3 | 0.393 | 0.413 | 0.258 | 0.196 | 0.327 | 0.413 | 0.433 | -- | -- | 0.291 |
| Potassium (mg) | 3 | 0.238 | 0.231 | -- | -- | 0.184 | 0.442 | 0.388 | -- | -- | 0.246 |
| Calcium (mg) | 3 | 0.204 | 0.222 | -- | -- | 0.165 | 0.330 | 0.324 | 0.172 | -- | 0.249 |
| Total Calciumd(mg) | 3 | 0.209 | 0.154 | -- | -- | 0.130 | 0.290 | 0.279 | 0.177 | -- | 0.147 |
| Fat (g) | 2 | −0.188 | −0.259 | -- | −0.299 | −0.293 | -- | -- | -- | −0.241 | −0.293 |
| Vitamin D (IU) | 2 | 0.151 | 0.175 | -- | -- | -- | 0.155 | 0.158 | -- | -- | -- |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 1 | 0.151 | 0.155 | -- | 0.155 | 0.177 | -- | -- | -- | 0.170 | -- |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 1 | -- | -- | -- | 0.227 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.388 | 0.376 |
| Protein (g) | 0 | 0.305 | 0.312 | 0.236 | -- | 0.245 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Caffeine (mg) | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.118 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol (g) | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Sodium (mg) | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
a
p≤0.05
b
The number of the same nutrient and bone site agreements between 8 days of diet records and the AFFQ, both representing one year.
c
Participant’s bone mineral density was measured at the femur neck (Neck), Ward's triangle (Wards), femur trochanter (Troc), lumbar spine L2–L4 (Spine), and total body (Total).
d
Dietary calcium plus supplemental calcium (mg)