Table 3.

Results of clinical trials using HDACi as a single agent in various types of cancer

HDACi	Phase	Type of cancer (no. of patients)	Outcome				Ref
			Response rate (RR)	Median time to response	Median duration of response	Median time to tumor progression
SAHA	II	Persistent, progressive, or refractory CTCL (n = 74)	30 %		168 days	202 days	[70]
	II b	Refractory CTCL (n = 74)	29.7 %	56 days	NR	4.9 months	[69]
	II	Refractory CTCL (n = 33)	24.2 %	11.9 weeks	15.1 weeks	30.2 weeks	[67]
PXD101	I	Advanced hematological neoplasia (n = 13)	5 in 13	MTD is determined to be 1,000 mg/m (2)/days 1–5 in a 21-days cycle.			[77]
	II	Refractory advanced thymic epithelial tumors (n = 41)	8 %		NR	5.8 months	[76]
LBH589	II	Relapsed/refractory WM (n = 36)	25 %	1.8 months	6.6 months		[79]
	II	patients with low or intermediate-1 risk MDS (n = 13)	1 in 13 (8 %)			3 months	[78]
LAQ824	I	Patients with advanced solid tumors (n = 9)	None	MTD ranges from 24 to 72 mg/m (2).			[81]
FK228	II	Relapsed or refractory PTCL (n = 131)	25 %		17 months	13.4 months	[71]
	II	PTCL (n = 47)	38 %		8.9 months		[72]
	II	CTCL (n = 96)	34 %	2 months	15 months	6 months	[73]
MS275	I	Refractory and relapsed acute leukemias (n = 38)	MTD is 8 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks every 6 weeks.				[82]
	II	Pretreated metastatic melanoma (n = 28)	29 % in arm A and 21 % in arm B		8.8 months	55.5 vs 51.5 days in both arms	[83]
MGCD 0103	II	Relapsed classical HL (n = 51)	85 mg three times per week(RR = 25 %), has promising clinical activity with manageable toxicity in HL patients				[84]
	II	Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 21)	None	Limited activity is observed			[74]
Valproic acid	II	AML (n = 75)	24 %		4 months		[75]
Butyrate	II	sickle cell patients (n = 25 for control, n = 7 for treated group)	24 % for control 78 % for treatment		3 months		[85]

CTCL cutaneous T cell lymphoma, NR not reached, MTD maximum tolerated dose, WM Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, MDS myelodysplastic syndrome, PTCL peripheral T cell lymphoma, HL Hodgkin’s lymphoma, AML acute myeloid leukemia