Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with Type 1 Myocardial Infarction, Type 2 Myocardial Infarction, and Myocardial Injury
| Type 1 MI (n = 1171) | Type 2 MI (n = 429) | Myocardial Injury (n = 522) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 68 (14) | 75 (14) | 76 (13) |
| Male sex, (%) | 709 (61%) | 222 (52%) | 260 (50%) |
| Presenting symptom, n (%) | |||
| Ischemic chest pain | 1041 (89%) | 217 (51%) | 0 (0%) |
| Dyspnea | 45 (4%) | 80 (19%) | 172 (33%) |
| Collapse/syncope | 21 (2%) | 31 (7%) | 94 (18%) |
| Falls | 18 (2%) | 40 (9%) | 86 (17%) |
| Confusion | 2 (0%) | 15 (4%) | 23 (4%) |
| Palpitations | 2 (0%) | 4 (1%) | 18 (3%) |
| Abdominal pain | 6 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 12 (2%) |
| Cardiac arrest | 14 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1%) |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||
| Ischemic heart disease | 497 (45%) | 191 (45%) | 186 (36%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 231 (24%) | 109 (26%) | 107 (21%) |
| Stroke | 92 (8%) | 48 (11%) | 86 (17%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 85 (8%) | 29 (7%) | 39 (8%) |
| Previous PCI | 153 (15%) | 17 (4%) | 23 (5%) |
| Previous CABG | 62 (6%) | 30 (7%) | 32 (6%) |
| Risk factors, n (%) | |||
| Current smoker | 380 (34%) | 62 (15%) | 73 (14%) |
| Hypertension | 533 (48%) | 254 (59%) | 303 (59%) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 539 (49%) | 177 (42%) | 202 (39%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 185 (17%) | 93 (22%) | 96 (19%) |
| Biochemistry | |||
| Hemoglobin, mg/dL | 13.3 (2.0) | 12.1 (2.5) | 12.0 (2.2) |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.5 (1.2) | 1.4 (1.4) |
| GFR, mL/min | 69 (26) | 56 (30) | 52 (33) |
| GFR <30 mL/min, % | 89 (8%) | 67 (16%) | 125 (24%) |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 185 (50) | 166 (51) | 171 (53) |
| Troponin, ng/L | 2420 (270-15,230) | 140 (70-660) | 130 (60-390) |
| Change in troponin ≥20% | 432 (86%) | 41 (65%) | 41 (79%) |
| Electrocardiography, no (%) | |||
| ST elevation | 427 (38%) | 40 (10%) | 3 (1%) |
| ST depression | 207 (18%) | 152 (36%) | 0 (0%) |
| T-wave inversion | 125 (11%) | 97 (23%) | 13 (3%) |
| Medication on admission, no (%) | |||
| Aspirin | 418 (50%) | 222 (56%) | 244 (54%) |
| Clopidogrel | 100 (12%) | 25 (6%) | 26 (6%) |
| ß-blockers | 257 (31%) | 101 (26%) | 111 (25%) |
| ACE inhibitors | 300 (36%) | 136 (34%) | 158 (35%) |
| Statins | 384 (47%) | 156 (40%) | 191 (42%) |
| Warfarin | 35 (4%) | 38 (10%) | 52 (12%) |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 188 (24%) | 127 (33%) | 135 (30%) |
Values are mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range), and counts (%).
Conversion factor to SI Units as follows: hemoglobin = 10, creatinine = 88.4, cholesterol = 0.0259.
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; GFR = glomerular filtration rate; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; TIMI = Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction.