Table 3.

Description of therapies prior to randomization, monitoring during aerosol administration, and outcomes of enrolled infants

Case number	Before study aerosol				During study aerosol				After study aerosol
	Surfactant	Inotropes	Pulmonary vasodilators	Ventilator Mode	Maximum Temperature (°C)	Maximum HR (bpm)	Minimum MBP (mmHg)	Duration of study aerosol (hours)	Was ECMO provided?	Time to ECMO (hours) c	Neuroimaging at discharge
Control group:
2	Yes	Dopamine	Milrinone Sildenafil	CMV	38.0	177	37	31.1	Yes	1.5	Normal study
4	Yes	Dopamine	Milrinone	HFO	37.5	185	32	72	No		Bilateral cephalhematomas, thinning corpus callosum
5	No	Dopamine Dobutamine	-	HFO	38.2	200	47	44.9	Yes	24.2	diffuse abnormality, white matter signal ↑ on T2 weighted MRI
Low-dose IPGE1 group:
3	Yes	Dopamine Dobutamine	-	HFO	33.6	131	46	10.1	Yes	1.5	Normal study
6	No	-	Milrinone	HFO	30.6	118	43	36	Yes	Not knowna	Unknown
High-dose IPGE1 group:
1	Yes	Dopamine Dobutamine	-	HFO	33.5	142	45	39.5	Yes	1.2	↑ lactate peak suggestive of HIE
7b	Yes	Dopamine	-	CMV	33.7	121	63	34	Yes	4	Grade II IVH and posterior fossa hemorrhage

CMV, conventional mechanical ventilation; HFO, high frequency oscillator.; HIE, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; ↑, increased.

^aInfant received ECMO at another institution, time of ECMO not known.

^bInfant received low-dose IPGE₁ for first 24 hours though randomized to high-dose IPGE₁; thereafter switched to low-dose IPGE₁.

^cTime from stop of study aerosol to initiation of ECMO (hours).