Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics by Type of Infection-Related Hospitalization
| Dialysis Access or CVC (n=18254) |
Bloodstream or Sepsis (n=14327) |
Pulmonary (n=13132) |
All Other Types (n=14557) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 62.2 ± 15.8 | 67.8 ± 13.6 | 67.5 ± 14.2 | 65.7 ± 14.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 29.4 ± 8.6 | 28.7 ± 8.1 | 27.9 ± 7.8 | 29.7 ± 8.6 |
| eGFRMDRD (ml/min/1.73 m2)* | 11.0 ± 5.7 | 11.9 ± 6.2 | 11.3 ± 5.7 | 11.3 ± 5.5 |
| Male sex | 9629 (53) | 7497 (52) | 7063 (54) | 6946 (48) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 10705 (59) | 9353 (65) | 9100 (69) | 9926 (68) |
| Black | 6734 (37) | 4314 (30) | 3441 (26) | 4069 (28) |
| Asian | 404 (2) | 360 (3) | 310 (2) | 236 (2) |
| Pacific Islander | 109 (0.6) | 101 (0.7) | 75 (0.6) | 87 (0.6) |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 223 (1) | 150 (1) | 167 (1) | 173 (1) |
| Multi-Racial or Other** | 79 (0.4) | 49 (0.3) | 39 (0.3) | 66 (0.5) |
| Hispanic | 2720 (15) | 1756 (12) | 1576 (12) | 1917 (13) |
| Diabetes | 11373 (62) | 9383 (65) | 7658 (58) | 9753 (67) |
| ASHD | 3954 (22) | 3722 (26) | 3365 (26) | 3681 (25) |
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 2104 (12) | 1927 (13) | 1476 (11) | 1652 (11) |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 2942 (16) | 2683 (19) | 2196 (17) | 2564 (18) |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 6696 (37) | 6076 (42) | 5252 (40) | 5681 (39) |
| Amputation | 791 (4) | 655 (5) | 384 (3) | 640 (4) |
| Hypertension | 16096 (88) | 12389 (86) | 11667 (89) | 12775 (88) |
| Cancer | 1116 (6) | 1183 (8) | 1115 (8) | 1061 (7) |
| COPD | 1674 (9) | 1655 (12) | 1967 (15) | 1419 (10) |
| Initial Access Type | ||||
| AVF | 991 (5) | 1465 (10) | 1931 (15) | 1896 (13) |
| Graft | 708 (4) | 667 (5) | 637 (5) | 711 (5) |
| Catheter | 16267 (89) | 11967 (84) | 10358 (79) | 11718 (80) |
| Other | 228 (1) | 183 (1) | 165 (1) | 183 (1) |
| Missing | 60 (0.3) | 45 (0.3) | 41 (0.3) | 49 (0.3) |
| Inability to Ambulate or Transfer | 1560 (9) | 1762 (12) | 879 (7) | 1281 (9) |
| Institutionalization | ||||
| None | 16516 (90) | 12416 (87) | 12119 (92) | 13224 (91) |
| Nursing home | 1503 (8) | 1710 (12) | 856 (7) | 1147 (8) |
| Assisted living | 143 (0.8) | 120 (0.8) | 116 (0.9) | 122 (0.8) |
| Other | 92 (0.5) | 81 (0.6) | 41 (0.3) | 64 (0.4) |
| Prior Nephrology Care | ||||
| <6 mo | 1672 (9) | 1406 (10) | 1477 (11) | 1529 (11) |
| 6–12 mo | 4166 (23) | 3346 (23) | 3294 (25) | 3595 (25) |
| > 12 mo | 3424 (19) | 2851 (20) | 3057 (23) | 3419 (23) |
| None | 6557 (36) | 4719 (33) | 3770 (29) | 4199 (29) |
| Unknown | 2435 (13) | 2005 (14) | 1534 (12) | 1815 (12) |
| Albumin | ||||
| < 2.5 g/dL | 3054 (17) | 2336 (16) | 1857 (14) | 2121 (15) |
| 2.5 – < 3.0 g/dL | 3288 (18) | 2546 (18) | 2203 (17) | 2583 (18) |
| 3.0 – < 3.5 g/dL | 3659 (20) | 3025 (21) | 2839 (22) | 3115 (21) |
| 3.5 – < 4.0 g/dL | 2697 (15) | 2129 (15) | 2303 (18) | 2369 (16) |
| ≥ 4 g/dL | 1122 (6) | 811 (6) | 902 (7) | 970 (7) |
| Missing | 4434 (24) | 3480 (24) | 3028 (23) | 3399 (23) |
| Current tobacco use | 1233 (7) | 829 (6) | 1008 (8) | 842 (6) |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 2830 (16) | 2312 (16) | 2086 (16) | 2566 (18) |
| South | 8831 (48) | 6372 (44) | 5637 (43) | 6402 (44) |
| Midwest | 4019 (22) | 3268 (23) | 3299 (25) | 3452 (24) |
| West | 2574 (14) | 2375 (17) | 2110 (16) | 2137 (15) |
Note: P<0.001 for all. Values for categorical variables are given as number (percentage); values for continuous variables are given as mean ± standard deviation.
*
Baseline values prior to multiple imputation;
**
Unknown race classified as other
BMI, body mass index; CVC, central venous catheter; eGFRMDRD estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated with 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation; ASHD atherosclerotic heart disease; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; AVF arteriovenous fistula