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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Feb 12;46:192–202. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.02.005

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Cytokines and cholinergic signaling genes were altered in placenta by maternal poly(I:C) injection and maternal choline supplementation. Maternal poly(I:C) injection increased Il6 mRNA in the placenta, and maternal choline supplementation did not prevent this induction. Maternal choline supplementation lowered Chrna7 and Ache mRNA in placenta after poly(I:C) injection. Gene expression was normalized by β-actin. Saline n = 3 litters; Poly(I:C) n = 4 litters, Poly(I:C)+Choline n = 3 litters. Ache: acetylcholinesterase, Chrna7: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 7 subunit, Il6: interleukin-6. Data are presented as Mean ± SEM. Significant difference between groups is labeled as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.