. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Feb 18;46:212–220. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.01.016

Table 4.

Increased neuroinflammatory signaling was observed 24 days after stress cessation in mice treated with vehicle. Imipramine given orally ameliorated neuroinflammatory responses in RSD mice. RSD markedly increased relative gene expression of IL-6 in microglia after 24 days of stress cessation, and this was decreased with imipramine treatment diluted in the drinking water (15 mg/kg). TNF-α relative gene expression and IL1-β relative gene expression are shown. Means represent the relative fold change increase over vehicle controls in media ± SEM.

Gene	Microglia mean relative gene expression 24 days after RSD

	Vehicle		Imipramine

	VCON	VRSD	ICON	IRSD
IL-6	0.95 ±0.21^a	5.30 ± 1.09^b	1.09 ±0.39^a	0.87 ± 0.24^a
TNF-α	0.99 ± 0.09^a	1.73 ±0.24^b	1.09 ±0.05^a	1.24 ±0.15^a,b
IL-1β	0.91 ± 0.07^a	1.69 ±0.22^b	1.04 ±0.02^a	1.28 ±0.05^b

Means with different letters (a, b) are significantly different from each other (p < 0.05). CON = home caged controls; RSD = repeated social defeat; VCON = vehicle controls; ICON = imipramine controls; VRSD = vehicle repeated social defeat; IRSD = imipramine repeated social defeat.