Table 1.
Baseline demographics, illness severity scores, acute physiology and hospital outcome
| ANZ | UK | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TBI/stroke (n = 38,679) | CNS infection (n = 2,463) | TBI/stroke (n = 45,038) | CNS infection (n = 6,396) | |
| Age (years) | 55 (37–70) | 49 (32–64) | 54 (40–65) | 50 (34–64) |
| Gender/male, % (n) | 64 % (14,500) | 56 % (802) | 61 % (27,257) | 55 % (3,486) |
| APACHE II score | 15 (10–22)e | 16 (11–22)e | 15.2 (7.3)e | 15.7 (7.1)e |
| APACHE III score | 46 (31–67) | 49 (32–69) | N/A | N/A |
| ICNARC physiology score | N/A | N/A | 16.3 (8.0) | 17.5 (7.8) |
| APACHE II risk of deatha | 0.19 (0.08–0.39) | 0.13 (0.06–0.26) | 0.32 (0.16–0.58) | 0.15 (0.08–0.26) |
| APACHE III risk of death | 0.13 (0.04–0.38) | 0.13 (0.05–0.33) | N/A | N/A |
| ICNARC risk of deatha | N/A | N/A | 0.27 (0.11–0.54) | 0.13 (0.06–0.29) |
| Peak temp, °Cb | 37.4 (0.8) | 37.9 (1.0) | 37.5 (0.9) | 37.8 (1.0) |
| Sedated for entire of first 24 h | N/A | N/A | 34 % (15,482) | 38 % (2,449) |
| GCS (if not sedated for entire first 24 h)c | ||||
| Verbal | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–5) | 2 (1–5) |
| Motor | 5 (3–6) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (1–6) | 5 (4–6) |
| Eye | 3 (1–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (1–4) | 3 (2–4) |
| Total | 9.9 (4.6)e | 10.3 (4.1)e | 9.2 (4.7)e | 10.1 (4.3)e |
| Intubated, % (n) | 61 % (14,388) | 56 % (804) | 70 % (28,436) | 67 % (3,844) |
| pHd | 7.37 (7.31–7.43) | 7.39 (7.32–7.44) | 7.41 (7.37–7.45) | 7.41 (7.36–7.45) |
| PaO2, mmHgd | 120 (88–192) | 109 (83–169) | 84 (72–101) | 83 (71–98) |
| FiOd2 | 0.50 (0.30–0.60) | 0.45 (0.30–0.60) | 0.30 (0.28–0.40) | 0.30 (0.28–0.40) |
| PaCO2, mmHgd | 39 (35–44) | 38 (34–43) | 37 (33–41) | 37 (32–42) |
| Highest HR, beats per minute | 95 (80–110) | 100 (90–117) | 95 (83–112) | 105 (90–120) |
| Lowest MAP/mmHg | 71 (64–80) | 70 (63–78) | 72 (63–81) | 67 (60–76) |
| (Acutec) hospital mortality, % (n) | 22 % (8,510)e | 12 % (296)e | 35 % (15,763)e | 19 % (1,215)e |
| (Acutec) hospital length of stay, median days (IQR) | ||||
| All patients | 12 (5–24) | 12 (7–24) | 14 (4–38) | 17 (9–38) |
| Survivors | 15 (7–28) | 13 (7, 24) | 24 (10–52) | 18 (10–40) |
| Non-survivors | 4 (2–9) | 10 (4, 24) | 4 (1–10) | 11 (4–28) |
Values are mean (SD), % (n) or median (quartiles)
aUK: Based on 2011 UK recalibration
bCentral or non-central temperature
cUK only
dANZ: if the FiO2 is below 0.5, then the lowest arterial PaO2 is used; if the FiO2 is above 0.5, then the PaO2 associated with the highest alveolar–arterial (A–a) gradient is recorded [A–a = 713 × FiO2 − (PaO2–PaCO2)]. UK: lowest arterial PaO2 is used
e P < 0.0001 for comparison between ANZ and UK groups, and comparison within ANZ and UK groups