Table 1.
Univariate differences between smokers who use cigarettes in combination with alternative tobacco product (cigarettes + ATP) compared to those who use cigarettes only
| Cigarettes + ATP | Cigarettes only | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n=1,220) | (n=1,156) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Male | 662 (27.9%) | 332 (14.0%) | <0.001 |
| Age (±SD) | 40.24 ± 11.64 | 45.85 ± 12.62 | <0.001 |
| Race | <0.001 | ||
| African American | 436 (18.4%) | 358 (15.1%) | |
| Latino | 455 (19.1%) | 331 (13.9%) | |
| White | 329 (13.8%) | 467 (19.7%) | |
| Education, % college graduate or higher | 474 (19.9%) | 364 (15.3%) | <0.001 |
| Income, % < $1800/month | 480 (20.2%) | 463 (19.5%) | 0.725 |
| Tobacco Characteristics | |||
| Smoking status (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Nondaily | 673 (28.3%) | 528 (22.2%) | |
| Daily light (1–10 cpd) | 259 (10.9%) | 319 (13.4%) | |
| Daily heavy (11+ cpd) | 288 (12.1%) | 309 (13.0%) | |
| Menthol smoker | 737 (31.0%) | 623 (26.2%) | 0.001 |
| Cigarettes per day, mean (±SD) | 9.30 ± 8.70 | 10.14 ± 8.52 | 0.017 |
| Time to first cigarette, % within 30 minutes of waking | 720 (30.3%) | 629 (26.5%) | 0.024 |
| 24 hour quit attempts in last 12 months, mean (±SD) | 5.50 ± 9.53 | 5.94 ± 11.79 | 0.451 |
| Cost | |||
| Price of cigs influenced them to smoke less, % yes | 726 (30.6%) | 644 (27.1%) | 0.061 |
| Price of cigs influenced where they buy cigs, % yes | 840 (35.4%) | 826 (34.8%) | 0.166 |
| Price of cigs influenced the brand they buy, % yes | 590 (24.8%) | 455 (19.1%) | <0.001 |
| Buy versus borrow cigs, % buy all cigs they smoke | 683 (28.7%) | 824 (34.7%) | <0.001 |
| Harm Reduction | |||
| Trying to cut down on cigs smoke, % yes | 862 (36.3%) | 818 (34.4%) | 0.955 |
| Limit cpd to decrease health risk, % yes | 596 (25.1%) | 505 (21.3%) | 0.012 |
| Limit smoking in last year to decrease health risks, % always or often | 360 (15.2%) | 356 (15.0%) | 0.494 |
| Psychosocial | |||
| Depression score, mean (±SD)a | 2.14 ± 1.83 | 1.80 ± 1.84 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol score, mean (±SD)b | 4.64 ± 3.10 | 3.30 ± 2.98 | <0.001 |
| Discrimination score, mean (±SD)c | 8.28 ± 6.72 | 5.85 ± 5.66 | <0.001 |
aScores range from 0–6 with scores of 3 or higher indicating possible depressive symptoms.
bScores range from 0–12 with scores of ≥4 for men and ≥3 for women indicating possible alcohol misuse.
cScores range from 0–25 with higher scores indicating greater frequency of discrimination in daily life.