Table 3.
Prevalence of exacerbations and comorbidities and radiological measurements
| Characteristics | Menthol | Non-menthol | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exacerbations | |||
| Exacerbations per annum | 0.47 ± 1.97 | 0.49 ± 1.66 | 0.245 |
| Severe exacerbations per annum | 0.22 ± 0.99 | 0.18 ± 0.98 | 0.008 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 6.5 | 10.4 | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2.2 | 2.9 | 0.106 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.5 | 2.5 | 0.007 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3.7 | 3.8 | 0.866 |
| Hypertension | 38.9 | 36.9 | 0.148 |
| Diabetes | 12.4 | 11.5 | 0.304 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux | 17.6 | 22.8 | <0.001 |
| Osteoporosis | 4.6 | 8.6 | <0.001 |
| CT measurements | |||
| Emphysema percentage | 3.1 ± 5.9 | 4.2 ± 7.2 | <0.001 |
| Gas trapping percentage | 15.5 ± 15.6 | 19.0 ± 17.7 | <0.001 |
| Segmental wall area (%) | 61.7 ± 3.3 | 61.7 ± 3.4 | 0.551 |
| Pi10 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 0.252 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or %.
CT, computed tomography; Pi10, square root of the luminal perimeter of a standardized airway of 10-mm diameter.