Table 3.

Potential modifications and props that can be used to adapt yoga poses to specific musculoskeletal needs.^*

Joint	Limitation	Pose	Potential Modification
Knee	Extreme flexion	Tree	Keep the foot at the opposite ankle
	Patellar weight bearing	Table (support on hands and knees)	Place blanket under knees
Hip	External rotation to edge of ROM	Easy Pose (sitting crossed leg)	Blocks under knees
	Flexion beyond 90°	Extended leg	Strap around foot to reduce angle
Wrist	Extension with weight bearing	Downward Dog	Place wedge under palms
Hand	Flattened palms	Prayer Position	Rest hands on heart
Shoulder	Arms above shoulder height	Chair Pose	Arms extended forward
Ankle	Flexion with weight bearing	Warrior I	Wedge under heel
Foot	Forced arch	Low Lunge	Rest top of the foot on the floor
Spine	Lumbar Flexion Lumbar Extension Cervical Extension	Forward fold Bridge Upward dog	Keep deep bend in knees Support block under small of back Keep neck neutral

^*Table reflects only a small representation of the types of modifications and use of props.