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. 2004 Jul 1;32(Web Server issue):W166–W169. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkh428

Table 1. List of estimators implemented in PDA for DNA polymorphism, codon bias and linkage disequilibrium analysis.

Nucleotide polymorphism  
 Number of segregating sites (S, s) Nei (9)
 Minimum number of mutations (H, η) Tajima (10)
 Nucleotide diversity (π) (with and without Jukes and Cantor correction) Nei (9); Jukes and Cantor (11)
 Theta (θ) per DNA sequence from S Tajima (12)
 Theta (θ) per site from S Nei (9)
 Theta (θ) per site from Eta (η) Tajima (10)
 Theta (θ) per site from π, from S and from η under the Finite Sites Model Tajima (10)
 Average number of nucleotide differences (k) Tajima (13)
 Tajima statistic test (D) Tajima (14)
 Total number of synonymous and non-synonymous sites Nei and Gojobori (15)
 Number of non-synonymous substitutions per non-synonymous site (Ka) and number of synonymous substitutions per synonymous site (Ks) Nei and Gojobori (15)
Codon bias  
 Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU) Sharp (16)
 Effective Number of Codons (ENC) Wright (17)
 Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) Sharp and Li (18)
 Scaled Chi Square Shields (19)
 G + C content in second, third and total positions Wright (17)
Linkage disequilibrium  
 Nucleotide distance (Dist) between a pair of polymorphic sites  
 D Lewontin and Kojima (20)
 D′ Lewontin (21)
 R and R2 Hill and Robertson (22)
 ZnS statistic Kelly (23)
 Chi-square test  
 Fisher's exact test