Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-positive versus RSV-negative patients at enrollment
| Characteristics (%) | RSV negative (n = 1063) | RSV positive (n = 376) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline information | |||
| Male (%) | 62·5 (660/1056) | 62·7 (232/370) | 0·948 |
| Age (weeks, median) | All patients: 22·3 (9·6–49·0) | ||
| 24 (10–54·3) | 17·9 (8·6–37·5) | 0·000 | |
| Birthweight (kg) | 2·9 (2·5–3·1) | 3·0 (2·6–3·3) | 0·003 |
| Preterm birth (<37 weeks) (%) | 20·5 (218/1062) | 16·0 (60/376) | 0·057 |
| Previous hospitalization (%) | 30·4 (319/1049) | 21·3 (80/376) | 0·000 |
| Within previous 14 days (%) | 19·9 (212/1063) | 16·8 (63/376) | 0·202 |
| Transfer from other ward (%) | 36·9 (392/1063) | 27·1 (102/376) | 0·001 |
| Pre-existing illness (%) | 24·9 (264/1061) | 15·5 (58/374) | 0·000 |
| Clinical information | |||
| Fever (%) | 68·6 (729/1063) | 72·3 (272/376) | 0·172 |
| Runny nose (%) | 36 (383/1063) | 69·4 (261/376) | 0·000 |
| Pulse (/minute, median) | 140 (136–160) | 140 (136–150) | 0·022 |
| Respiratory rate (/minute, median) | 56 (52–60) | 58 (54–60) | 0·031 |
| Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) (median) | 89 (87–90) | 90 (88–90) | 0·000 |
| Crackles (%) | 89·5 (950/1061) | 98·4 (370/376) | 0·000 |
| Wheeze (%) | 48·2 (510/1058) | 74·4 (279/375) | 0·000 |
| Altered consciousness (%) (agitated or lethargic) | 69·9 (741/1060) | 77·9 (293/376) | 0·003 |
| Admission diagnosis | |||
| Pneumonia (%) | 75·3 (800/1063) | 51·1 (192/376) | 0·000 |
| Bronchiolitis (%) | 19·8 (211/1063) | 48·1 (181/376) | 0·000 |
| Mechanical ventilation (%) | 3·9 (41/1030) | 2·6 (8/370) | 0·136 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days) | 4·0 (2–9) | 4·0 (2–6) | 0·285 |
| Outcome other than full recovery (%) | 13·2 (140/1063) | 7·7 (29/376) | 0·005 |
| Deaths (%) | 24·3 (34/140) | 10·3 (3/29) | 0·138 |
| Chest X-Ray | |||
| Consolidation (%) | 51·8 (550/1062) | 37·1 (139/375) | 0·000 |
| Peribronchial cuffing (%) | 56·5 (601/1063) | 64·3 (241/375) | 0·01 |
| Airbronchogram (%) | 48·1 (511/1063) | 37·3 (140/375) | 0·000 |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 10·7 (9·8–11·5) | 10·5 (9·8–11·3) | 0·019 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 32·5 (30·1–35·5) | 32·2 (29·9–34·8) | 0·051 |
| Leukocytes (×1000/μl) | 14 (10·3–16·5) | 10·9 (8·5–14·5) | 0·000 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 54·7 (35·6–64·1) | 39·4 (28·5–55) | 0·000 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 37 (26·6–53·2) | 52·3 (36·4–62) | 0·000 |
| Platelets (×1000/μl) | 311 (210–415) | 348 (280·3–413) | 0·000 |