Table 2.
Inhibitory effect against aerobic and anaerobic oral bacteria and cytotoxic activity (CC50, μg mL−1) of essential oils from K. coriacea.
| Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) – μg mL−1 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microorganisms | Samples of essential oils | CHD* | ||||
| Leaves | Inner bark | Outer bark | Wood | |||
| Anaerobic |
Actinomyces naeslundii
b
ATCC 19039 |
>400 | >400 | 400 | >400 | 1.844 |
|
Bacteroides fragilis
a
ATCC 25285 |
>400 | >400 | 400 | >400 | 1.844 | |
|
Prevotella nigrescens
a
ATCC 33563 |
200 | 50 | 100 | 200 | 1.844 | |
|
| ||||||
| Aerobic |
Streptococcus mitis
b
ATCC 49456 |
>400 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 3.688 |
|
Streptococcus mutans
b
ATCC 25175 |
>400 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 0.922 | |
|
Streptococcus sanguinis
b
ATCC 10556 |
>400 | 400 | 100 | 100 | 0.922 | |
|
Streptococcus sobrinus
b
ATCC 33478 |
>400 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 0.922 | |
|
| ||||||
| Cytotoxic activity (CC50, μg mL−1) | ||||||
| Leaves | Inner bark | Outer bark | Wood | |||
|
| ||||||
| Vero cells ATCC CCL 81 | 168 ± 10 | 74 ± 3 | 127 ± 1 | >512 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Selectivity index for Anaerobic microorganisms | −0.38; −0.38; −0.076 | −0.73; −0.73; 0.17 | −0.50; −0.50; 0.10 | 0.11; 0.11; 0.41 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Selectivity index for Aerobic microorganisms | −0.38 | −0.13, −0.43; −0.73; −0.13 | 0.10 | 0.71 | ||
aGram-negative bacteria; bGram-positive bacteria; *CHD: chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (positive control).