Table 4.
Mean values of relative muscle torques (Nm/kg) in different age groups of contestants
| Senior (1) mean (± SD) |
Junior (2) mean (± SD) |
Cadet (3) mean (± SD) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| EJ FLX** (elbow flex.) | 1.19 ± 0.19 (3*) | 1.29 ± 0.15 (3**) | 0.93 ± 0.13 |
| EJ EXT (elbow ext.) | 0.74 ± 0.13 | 0.87 ± 0.12 | 0.88 ± 0.25 |
| SJ FLX (shoulder flex.) | 1.68 ± 0.32 | 1.62 ± 0.26 | 1.58 ± 0.29 |
| SJ EXT** (shoulder ext.) | 1.75 ± 0.30 (2##, 3##) | 1.09 ± 0.13 | 1.21 ± 0.11 |
| KJ FLX (knee flex.) | 1.31 ± 0.29 | 1.58 ± 0.23 | 1.54 ± 0.25 |
| KJ EXT (knee ext.) | 3.41 ± 0.67 | 3.75 ± 0.51 | 3.44 ± 0.59 |
| HJ FLX (hip flex.) | 2.02 ± 0.16 | 1.64 ± 0.45 | 1.77 ± 0.58 |
| HJ EXT* (hip ext.) | 4.78 ± 0.31 (2##) | 3.31 ± 0.85 | 4.02 ± 0.97 |
| TR FLX** (trunk flex.) | 3.02 ± 0.09 (2##) | 1.48 ± 0.21 (3##) | 2.72 ± 0.70 |
| TR EXT** (trunk ext.) | 6.03 ± 0.30 (2##, 3#) | 3.84 ± 0.29 | 4.74 ± 1.21 |
| Torque total ** | 25.93 ± 1.30 (2##) | 20.47 ± 1.15 | 22.84 ± 2.83 |
Indices referring to the measurements of the elbow, shoulder, hip and knee joints: EJ FLX, EJ EXT, SJ FLX, SJ EXT, KJ FLX, KJ EXT, HJ FLX, HJ EXT are the arithmetic means of the right and left joints.
*:
p<0.05;
**:
p<0.01.
For multiple comparisons used with the Mann-Whitney test -
#:
p<0.016;
##
p<0.01.