Table 1.
General characteristics of the study sample, according to early pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) of women followed at a public health center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2009 - 2012
| BMI ‡ categories | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Total | Normal-weight | Excessive weight | p-value* |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Maternal age (years) | ||||
| < 30 | 139 (73.5) | 78 (72.9) | 61 (74.4) | 0.818 |
| ≥ 30 | 50 (26.5) | 29 (27.1) | 21 (25.6) | |
| Self-reported skin color | ||||
| White | 50 (26.5) | 27 (25.2) | 23 (28.0) | 0.664 |
| Brown or black | 139 (73.5) | 80 (74.8) | 59 (72.0) | |
| Parity | ||||
| 0 | 79 (41.8) | 43 (40.2) | 36 (43.9) | 0.608 |
| ≥ 1 | 110 (58.2) | 64 (59.8) | 46 (56.1) | |
| Current smoking | ||||
| Yes | 15 (92.1) | 7 (6.5) | 8 (9.8) | 0.418 |
| No | 174 (7.9) | 100 (93.5) | 74 (90.2) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Lives with a partner | 149 (78.8) | 87 (81.3) | 62 (75.6) | 0.342 |
| Do not live with a partner | 40 (21.2) | 20 (18.7) | 20 (24.4) | |
| Education (years) | ||||
| < 8 | 54 (28.6) | 31 (29.0) | 23 (28.0) | 0.889 |
| ≥ 8 | 135 (71.4) | 76 (71.0) | 59 (72.0) | |
| Practice of LTPA† before pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 48 (25.7) | 28 (26.4) | 20 (24.7) | 0.789 |
| No | 139 (74.3) | 78 (73.6) | 61 (75.3) | |
*
p-value refers to a chi-square test for proportions;
†
LTPA: leisure time physical activity;
‡
BMI: body mass index (normal-weight < 25 kg/m2; excessive weight ≥ 25 kg/m2).