Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable analyses to assess variables independently associated with favorable neurological outcome at 3 months
| Variable | Favorable neurological outcome (n = 81) | Poor neurological outcome (n = 118) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P -value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P -value | |||
| Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 29 (36) | 56 (47) | 0.664 (0.368, 1.197] | 0.17 | ||
| Age, years | 58 (49 to 71) | 66 (53 to 77) | 0.981 (0.963, 0.999) | 0.04 | 0.963 (0.937, 0.990) | 0.007 |
| Weight, kgs | 77 (70 to 90) | 75 (65 to 85) | 1.012 (0.993, 1.031) | 0.24 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 63 (78) | 71 (60) | 2.622 (1.341, 5.126) | 0.005 | ||
| Witnessed CA | 70 (87) | 78 (66) | 2.695 (1.283, 5.664) | 0.009 | ||
| Bystander CPR, n (%) | 60 (74) | 52 (44) | 2.823 (1.526, 5.224) | 0.001 | 3.682 (1.522, 8.908) | 0.004 |
| Time to ROSC, min | 13 (7 to 21) | 18 (10 to 27) | 0.980 (0.958, 1.002) | 0.07 | 1.085 (1.009, 1.167) | 0.03 |
| Epinephrine, mg | 3 (1 to 5) | 5 (3 to 7) | 0.846 (0.766, 0.935) | 0.001 | 0.594 (0.439, 0.804) | 0.001 |
| Out- of-hospital CA | 45 (56) | 76 (64) | 0.836 (0.465, 1.503) | 0.55 | ||
| Non-cardiac origin CA | 18 (22) | 51 (43) | 0.297 (0.150, 0.586) | <0.001 | ||
| VF/VT, n (%) | 52 (64) | 29 (25) | 3.858 (2.925, 4.710) | <0.001 | 3.797 (2.922, 4.539) | <0.001 |
| Infection during ICU stay, n (%) | 49 (60) | 74 (63) | 1.165 (0.640, 2.121) | 0.63 | ||
| IABP during ICU stay, n (%) | 6 (7) | 9 (8) | 1.137 (0.388, 3.334) | 0.82 | ||
| ECMO during ICU stay, n (%) | 10 (12) | 12 (10) | 1.193 (0.483, 2.943) | 0.70 | ||
| Shock during ICU stay, n (%) | 36 (44) | 67 (57) | 0.531 (0.296, 0.950) | 0.03 | 0.433 (0.187, 0.998) | 0.049 |
| Corticosteroid therapy, n (%) | 10 (12) | 19 (16) | 0.720 (0.309, 1.677) | 0.45 | ||
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 20 (24) | 37 (31) | 0.502 (0.255, 0.989) | 0.05 | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 28 (35) | 49 (42) | 0.786 (0.433, 1.426) | 0.43 | ||
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 37 (46) | 49 (42) | 1.093 (0.612, 1.952) | 0.76 | ||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 16 (20) | 26 (22) | 0.705 (0.340, 1.462) | 0.35 | ||
| COPD/asthma, n (%) | 17 (21) | 20 (17) | 1.190 (0.574, 2.470) | 0.64 | ||
| Neurological disease, n (%) | 9 (11) | 21 (18) | 0.686 (0.296, 1.589) | 0.38 | ||
| Chronic renal disease, n (%) | 11 (14) | 19 (16) | 0.813 (0.358, 1.846) | 0.62 | ||
| Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 2 (2) | 9 (8) | 0.358 (0.075, 1.704) | 0.19 | ||
| Vasopressor therapy, n (%) | 50 (62) | 84 (71) | 0.628 (0.342, 1.151) | 0.13 | ||
| Duration of vasopressor therapy, days | 4 (2 to 5) | 3 (2 to 5) | 1.032 (0.918, 1.159) | .060 | ||
| Cumulative vasopressor dose, mcg | 10.5 (3.8, 28.8) | 31.0 (11.1, 101.8) | 0.992 (0.986, 0.999) | 0.02 | ||
| Dobutamine therapy, n (%) | 39 (48) | 55 (47) | 0.900 (0.650, 1.246) | 0.53 | ||
| Cumulative dobutamine dose, mcg | 964 (274 to 1978) | 1746 (722 to 3378) | 1.002 (1.001, 1.009) | 0.04 | ||
| Duration of MV, days | 3 (2 to 5) | 3 (2 to 5) | 1.052 (0.975, 1.136) | 0.19 | ||
| CRRT, n (%) | 11 (14) | 13 (58) | 1.491 (0.631, 3.525) | 0.36 | ||
| Lactate on admission, mEq/L | 2.4 (1.6, 3.8) | 3.8 (2.1, 6.8) | 0.844 (0.758, 0.940) | 0.002 | 0.864 (0.746, 0.999) | 0.049 |
| Fluid balance at 48 h, mL | 3714 (1867 to 5970) | 4197 (2575 to 6729) | 1.199 (0.875, 1.342)* | 0.53 | ||
| CrCl on day 1, mL/min | 54 (23 to 92) | 33 (11 to 78) | 1.002 (0.998, 1.007) | 0.32 | ||
Results are expressed as median (IQR) or number (%). *Per liter of fluid balance. CA, cardiac arrest; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation; VF/VT, ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; MV, mechanical ventilation; CVVH, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration; CrCl, creatinine clearance.