Table 1.
Study sample: descriptive information
| HCs (N = 22) | SCZ (N = 28) | F/χ2 | df | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic information | |||||
| Sex (M/F) | 10/12 | 18/10 | 1.77 | 1 | 0.18 |
| Age, years | 31.91 ± 8.49 | 33.10 ± 6.67 | 0.29 | 1.48 | 0.59 |
| Education, years | 16.04 ± 2.69 | 12.43 ± 3.33 | 17.4 | 1.48 | 0.00001 |
| Paternal education | 11.16 ± 4.99 | 10.20 ± 5.09 | 0.16 | 1.48 | 0.69 |
| Maternal education | 10.00 ± 5.19 | 9.93 ± 4.94 | |||
| Socioeconomic status | 35.71 ± 11.12 | 33.24 ± 14.03 | 0.44 | 1.46 | 0.51 |
| General cognitive abilities | |||||
| WAIS-R Full-scale IQ | 113.76 ± 15.23 | 79.35 ± 18.23 | 53.8 | 1.48 | 0.000001 |
| Real-life motivation and anhedonia | |||||
| Real-life motivation | 5.79 ± 0.36 | 3.16 ± 1.65 | 9.54 | 1.45 | 0.005 |
| TEPS consummatory pleasure | 4.84 ± 0.61 | 4.15 ± 0.81 | 0.23 | 1.43 | 0.63 |
| TEPS anticipatory pleasure | 4.58 ± 0.53 | 3.95 ± 0.63 | |||
| PAS total score | 17.14 ± 6.32 | 23.80 ± 8.07 | 0.46 | 1.43 | 0.50 |
| Clinical information | |||||
| PANSS Positive | 8.04 ± 4.13 | ||||
| PANSS Negative | 11.64 ± 6.87 | ||||
| PANSS Disorganization | 7.11 ± 2.56 | ||||
| PANSS Depression | 2.53 ± 0.67 | ||||
| SDS Avolition | 4.64 ± 3.29 | ||||
HCs, Healthy controls; SCZ, subjects with schizophrenia; WAIS-R, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised; IQ, Intelligence Quotient; TEPS, Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale; PAS, Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SDS, Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome; Real-life motivation: average score on the Motivation, Curiosity and Sense of Purpose items of the Quality of Life Scale