Table 2.
Task Performance.
| Controls (Surgery) | Surgery group | Controls (Stim) | Stim group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-surgery | Post-surgery | Short-term stim | Long-term stim | |||||
| OFF | ON | OFF | ON | |||||
| VGR | ||||||||
| PS (m/s) | 0.004 ± 0.0003 | 0.02 ± 0.007* | 0.004 ± 0.0008** | 0.003 ± 0.0005 | 0.013 ± 0.007 | 0.003 ± 0.0006 | 0.03 ± 0.01*†‡ | 0.015 ± 0.005*†‡ |
| R-IDE (°) | 2.58 ± 0.18 | 3.51 ± 0.41 | 3.16 ± 0.28 | 2.50 ± 0.24 | 2.64 ± 0.31 | 2.65 ± 0.40 | 5.01 ± 0.95*†‡ | 5.24 ± 1.77*†‡ |
| RT (s) | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.03 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 0.37 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 0.47 ± 0.02 |
| MT (s) | 0.97 ± 0.05 | 0.84 ± 0.09 | 1.17 ± 0.16 | 1.12 ± 0.05 | 0.94 ± 0.11 | 1.06 ± 0.07 | 0.98 ± 0.18 | 0.98 ± 0.16 |
| MS (m/s) | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.25 ± 0.04 | 0.27 ± 0.04 |
| CPL (m) | 0.03 ± 0.001 | 0.06 ± 0.01* | 0.04 ± 0.005 | 0.03 ± 0.002 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.006 | 0.09 ± 0.02*†‡ | 0.09 ± 0.03*†‡ |
| PM | ||||||||
| SHIFT (cm) | 3.26 ± 0.54 | 6.21 ± 1.34 | 7.80 ± 0.40* | 4.43 ± 0.78 | 4.84 ± 1.07 | 3.92 ± 0.77 | 7.60 ± 1.71 | 5.80 ± 1.97 |
| C/E | 0.66 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 0.69 ± 0.09 | 0.71 ± 0.07 | 0.75 ± 0.06 | 0.72 ± 0.06 | 0.54 ± 0.11*†‡ | 0.48 ± 0.08*†‡ |
| VAR (cm) | 3.99 ± 0.25 | 5.41 ± 0.88 | 3.33 ± 0.22 | 3.81 ± 0.30 | 3.49 ± 0.28 | 3.92 ± 0.28 | 5.46 ± 0.52*†‡ | 5.90 ± 1.62*†‡ |
| KIN | ||||||||
| RL (ms) | 493.30 ± 55.56 | 596.90 ± 123.77 | 520.77 ± 68.32 | 416.35 ± 66.78 | 309.94 ± 30.15 | 429.33 ± 86.22 | 423.49 ± 87.06 | 339.25 ± 40.57 |
| PSR | 1.09 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.07 | 1.05 ± 0.07 | 1.05 ± 0.04 | 1.10 ± 0.06 | 1.04 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.12*†‡ | 0.89 ± 0.10*†‡ |
| K-IDE (°) | 16.92 ± 1.27 | 17.53 ± 1.61 | 15.93 ± 2.17 | 15.72 ± 1.41 | 14.14 ± 1.47 | 14.91 ± 1.55 | 40.93 ± 13.93*†‡ | 34.26 ± 7.73*†‡ |
| PLR | 1.01 ± 0.02 | 1.00 ± 0.06 | 1.04 ± 0.05 | 1.04 ± 0.03 | 1.06 ± 0.07 | 1.02 ± 0.03 | 0.96 ± 0.10 | 1.07 ± 0.10 |
Abbreviations: VGR, Visually Guided Reaching; PM, Position Matching; KIN, Kinaesthesia; PS, Posture Speed; R-IDE, Reaching Initial Direction Error; RT, Reaction Time; MT, Movement Time; MS, Movement Speed; CPL, Corrective Path Length; SHIFT, Systematic Shift; C/E, Contraction/Expansion; VAR, Variability; RL, Response Latency; PSR, Peak Speed Ratio; K-IDE, Kinaesthesia Initial Direction Error; PLR, Path Length Ratio. All values are mean ± SEM.
*
indicates significantly different from control
**
indicates significantly different from pre-surgery
†
indicates significantly different from ST ON
‡
indicates significantly different from ST OFF.