. 2015 Apr 20;21:68–75. doi: 10.12659/MSMBR.894163

Table 2.

Comparison between group of the adjusted immediate post after the first treatment and adjusted post after 2-weeks treatment of all parameters.

Outcome	Group	Baseline (Mean ±SD)	Immediate post after 1^st treatment (Mean ±SD)	Post after 2^st week of treatment Mean ±SD)
Timed up and go test; TUG (seconds)	FM	8.31±1.42	7.87±1.18^*	7.06±1.14^**
Timed up and go test; TUG (seconds)	CON	8.80±1.91	8.67±1.75	8.56±1.67^*

One leg stance test; OLS opened eyes(seconds): Left	FM	27.4±29.52	28.18±32.74	56.18±52.90^*
One leg stance test; OLS opened eyes(seconds): Left	CON	25.58±26.97	22.4±22.98	39.98±44.98^*

One leg stance test; OLS opened eyes (seconds) Right	FM	33.62±39.45	32.48±37.80	69.3±69.66^*
One leg stance test; OLS opened eyes (seconds) Right	CON	32.8±39.30	33.46±41.51	48.32±57.25^*

One leg stance test; OLS closed eyes(seconds): Left	FM	2.9±2.99	4.68±2.98^*	12.24±12.04^*
One leg stance test; OLS closed eyes(seconds): Left	CON	3.82±4.88	4.7±4.21	8.3±7.33^*

One leg stance test; OLS closed eyes (seconds): Right	FM	2.74±1.91	2.88±2.12	9.68±12.73^*
One leg stance test; OLS closed eyes (seconds): Right	CON	3.44±2.58	3.4±3.15	5.9±3.61^*

1^st MTP flexion (degree, °): Left	FM	24.97±8.88	26.00±8.65^**	28.20±8.03^**
1^st MTP flexion (degree, °): Left	CON	21.63±5.07	22.40±4.93^*	24.03±5.35^*

1^st MTP flexion (degree, °): Right	FM	26.77±8.29	28.33±8.06^**	31.50±7.77^**
1^st MTP flexion (degree, °): Right	CON	24.10±4.58	24.93±4.56^*	26.90±4.80^*

1^st MTP extension (degree, °): Left	FM	62.00±12.01	63.60±11.83^**	67.17±11.32^**
1^st MTP extension (degree, °): Left	CON	73.70±7.74	74.40±7.85^*	76.23±7.97^*

1^st MTP extension (degree, °): Right	FM	65.37±11.82	66.70±11.62^**	69.63±11.24^**
1^st MTP extension (degree, °): Right	CON	74.57±7.89	75.23±8.06^*	76.93±7.75^*

Ankle dorsiflexion (degree, °): Left	FM	10.13±4.28	12.13±3.95^*	15.30±4.04^**
Ankle dorsiflexion (degree, °): Left	CON	10.00±3.71	11.57±3.56^*	14.17±3.65^*

Ankle dorsiflexion (degree,0): Right	FM	12.63±4.92	14.37±4.90^*	16.60±4.55^**
Ankle dorsiflexion (degree,0): Right	CON	13.23±3.70	14.50±3.56^*	16.17±3.92^*

Ankle plantarflexion (degree, °): Left	FM	32.50±5.98	34.33±5.70^*	38.27±5.25^**
Ankle plantarflexion (degree, °): Left	CON	34.17±8.62	35.80±8.21^*	38.23±7.93^*

Ankle plantarflexion (degree, °): Right	FM	34.53±4.83	35.67±4.61^*	38.60±4.80^*
Ankle plantarflexion (degree, °): Right	CON	37.07±8.60	37.87±8.19^*	40.20±8.01^*

Knee flexion (degree, °): Left	FM	119.83±7.37	121.60±7.45^*	124.77±7.66^**
Knee flexion (degree, °): Left	CON	122.57±10.99	123.33±10.65^*	124.30±10.07^*

Knee flexion (degree, °): Right	FM	120.13±6.99	121.40±6.67^*	123.93±6.48^**
Knee flexion (degree, °): Right	CON	124.33±10.49	125.20±10.19^*	126.83±10.16^*

Knee extension (degree, °): Left	FM	−6.17±2.26	−5.37±2.11^*	−3.60±2.18^**
Knee extension (degree, °): Left	CON	−7.43±3.16	−6.83±3.21^*	−5.47±2.96^*

Knee extension (degree, °): Right	FM	−7.77±1.81	−6.77±1.98^*	−4.67±2.09^*
Knee extension (degree, °): Right	CON	−8.93±2.52	−8.10±2.34^*	−6.33±2.40^*

Positive of SWMT (number): Left	FM	3.03±2.04	3.03±2.04	1.43±1.52^**
Positive of SWMT (number): Left	CON	3.93±2.07	3.90±2.02	3.70±2.02^*

Positive of SWMT (number): Right	FM	3.77±2.06	3.77±2.06	1.83±1.64^**
Positive of SWMT (number): Right	CON	3.90±1.81	3.90±1.81	3.60±1.71^*

Denotes statistically different (p<0.05) from baseline;

^**

indicates statistically different (p<0.05) from baseline and between groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with adjusted for baselines, FM – Thai foot massage; CON – control; 95%CI – 95 percent confidence interval; statistically significant different defined as a p-value of <0.05.