Lack of visual experience causes increases in paired pulse depression (PPD). A: DR animals have higher PPD [lower paired pulse ratio (PPR)], compared with normal animals. *P < 0.05. B: examples of PPD in a slice from a normal (gray) and a DR (black) animal. Note that the response to the second pulse (PP2) of the DR trace is much smaller than the response to the first pulse (PP1), whereas, in the normal trace, PP2 is only slightly smaller than PP1. Stimulus artifacts are omitted for clarity. Scale bar: 0.1 mV, 10 ms.