A Time course of actin bundling in response to 9 μg.ml-1 harpin. B Dose-dependency of harpin-induced actin bundling over different concentrations of either the natural auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), or the artificial auxins 1-napthyl acetic acid (NAA), or 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acid (2,4-D) as compared to the control (con) or harpin (hrp) in the absence of supplemental auxins measured after 60 min of incubation in V. rupestris and cv. ‘Pinot Noir’. Concentrations of auxins indicated in μM. "n.d." means "not determined" to indicate that this value was not measured in cv. ‘Pinot Noir’ (to distinguish it from a zero value). C Effect of pharmacological inhibition of phospholipase D by preincubation with 0.5% (v/v) of n-butanol or the inactive analogue sec-butanol for 30 min prior to the indicated treatment for 30 min, and effect of pharmacological inhibition of RboH on harpin-induced bundling by preincubation with 20 μM dephenylene iodonium (DPI) for 30 min prior to the indicated treatment for 30 min. IAA 10 μM indole-3-acetic acid, hrp 9 μg.ml-1 harpin. Arrows represent complete elimination of actin, such that no value for bundling could be measured. n represents the number of individual cells per sample, error bars standard errors for a population randomly collected from three biological replicates and 200 cells were used for each experiment. Brackets indicate significance levels of differences with * significant at P = 5%, and ** significant at P = 1%. "n.d." means "not determined" to indicate that this value was not measured (to distinguish it from a zero value).