Table 2. Univariate analysis of factors associated with survival and recurrence.

Variables	OS		DFS
	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P
Age, y (>50 vs. ≤50)	0.985 (0.502–1.931)	0.964	0.762 (0.359–1.619)	0.479
Gender (female vs. male)	1.405 (0.761–2.594)	0.276	1.531 (0.755–3.107)	0.238
Location (rectal vs. colon)	1.039 (0.561–1.925)	0.903	1.182 (0.584–2.391)	0.642
Tumor size, cm (>5 vs. ≤5)	0.596 (0.212–1.672)	0.325	0.487 (0.148–1.601)	0.236
Invasion depth (T3-T4 vs. T1-T2)	3.174 (0.979–10.285)	0.054	2.084 (0.729–5.959)	0.171
Lymph node metastasis (N1-N2 vs. N0)	3.162 (1.656–6.039)	0.000	2.585 (1.265–5.283)	0.009
Distant metastasis (M1 vs. M0)	5.977 (3.216–11.106)	0.000
TNM stage (III-IV vs. I-II)	7.573 (3.178–18.048)	0.000
Tumor histology type (adenocarcinoma vs. mucinous/signet-ring)	1.263 (0.560–2.850)	0.574	0.451 (0.108–1.890)	0.276
Tumor degree of differentiation (poor vs. well/moderate)	1.923 (1.041–3.554)	0.037	1.122 (0.528–2.382)	0.765
KRAS status (mutation vs. wild type)	1.128 (0.584–2.178)	0.720	2.037 (0.997–4.160)	0.051
MSI status (MSI vs. MSS)	1.774	0.115	2.724	0.028
	(0.869–3.620)		(1.114–6.657)
Expression of BIRC6 (positive vs. negative)	3.170 (1.512–6.647)	0.002	2.673 (1.230–5.812)	0.013

Bold items have been considered statistically significant. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used in univariate analysis. Patients with TNM stage IV tumors were excluded when analyzing disease-free survival. Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival; TNM, tumor-node-metastasis; MSI, microsatellite instability; MSS, microsatellite stable.