Skip to main content
. 2015 May 1;10(5):e0124276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124276

Fig 2. Influence of 75% ethanol extract and liquid:liquid partitions from Echinacea purpurea extract on TNF-α production by RAW 264.7 cells.

Fig 2

Extract and partitions were tested at concentrations of 50 μg/mL (A and C) and 100 μg/mL (B and D) expressed as mass of extract per assay well volume. Cells were unstimulated in A and B and stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS in C and D. Supernatants were harvested after 16–18 hr. and levels of TNF-α measured by ELISA. M, media; L, LPS; EE, ethanol extract; HL, hexane layer, ML, methane layer; WL, water layer; CL, chloroform layer. Values shown are means +/- SD from a single representative experiment. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s T test, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.