Table 3.
Percent Change in HOMA2-IR Associated with one Interquartile Range Increase or Quartiles of Arsenic Species
| Percent Change in HOMA2-IR (%) (95% CI) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per Interquartile Range Increase | Quartilea | P-trendc | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||
| Total Arsenic | ||||||
| Model 1b | −0.22 (−1.5, 1.1) | Ref | 2.2 (−9.1, 15) | −5.4 (−17, 7.5) | −4.6 (−17, 9.0) | 0.31 |
| Model 2 | 0.35 (−0.65, 1.4) | Ref | 1.1 (−8.0, 11) | −0.89 (−10, 9.7) | −0.047 (−10, 11) | 0.91 |
| Model 3 | 1.5 (−2.0, 5.2) | Ref | 1.0 (−8.0, 11) | −0.99 (−11, 9.6) | −0.69 (−11, 11) | 0.81 |
| Inorganic Arsenic d | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.59 (−3.4, 2.3) | Ref | 13 (0.44, 27) | 4.7 (−7.8, 19) | 7.3 (−6.8, 23) | 0.62 |
| Model 2 | 1.1 (−1.1, 3.4) | Ref | 9.0 (−0.67, 20) | 6.1 (−4.1, 17) | 9.6 (−1.9, 23) | 0.19 |
| Model 3 | 1.1 (−1.5, 3.8) | Ref | 9.0 (−0.70, 20) | 6.0 (−4.1, 17) | 9.3 (−2.4, 22) | 0.22 |
| DMA | ||||||
| Model 1 | −1.3 (−4.3, 1.8) | Ref | 9.9 (−2.6, 24) | 6.9 (−5.8, 21) | 2.6 (−11, 18) | 0.95 |
| Model 2 | 0.40 (−2.0, 2.9) | Ref | 6.3 (−3.3, 17) | 5.4 (−4.7, 16) | 4.2 (−6.5, 16) | 0.59 |
| Model 3 | 0.25 (−2.3, 2.9) | Ref | 6.3 (−3.4, 17) | 5.2 (−4.8, 16) | 3.9 (−7.0, 16) | 0.64 |
a
Total arsenic Quartile 1-4: <=4.11 μg/L, 4.13-6.99 μg/L, 7.01-12.80 μg/L, >=12.86 μg/L Inorganic arsenic Quartile 1-4: <=3.36 μg/L, 3.40-5.90 μg/L, 5.90-9.89 μg/L, >=9.90 μg/L DMA Quartile 1-4: <=2.15μg/L, 2.17-3.75 μg/L, 3.77-5.52 μg/L, >=5.58 μg/L
b
Model1: Adjusted for urinary creatinine, age, sex, race/ethnicity, PIR and serum cotinine Model2: Model1+ BMI (penalized spline) and waist circumference Model3: Model2+ urinary arsenobetaine
c
Based on the model where quartiles of total arsenic, inorganic arsenic or DMA are fitted as ordinal variables.
d
Inorganic arsenic=total arsenic-arsenobetaine